Abstract
A new certified reference material (CRM) for radionuclides in sea water from the Irish sea (IAEA-443) is described and the results of the certification process are presented. Ten radionuclides (3H, 40K, 90Sr, 137Cs, 234U, 235U, 238U, 238Pu, 239+240Pu and 241Am) have been certified, and information values on massic activities with 95% confidence intervals are given for four radionuclides (230Th, 232Th, 239Pu and 240Pu). Results for less frequently reported radionuclides (99Tc, 228Th, 237Np and 241Pu) are also reported. The CRM can be used for quality assurance/quality control of the analysis of radionuclides in water samples, for the development and validation of analytical methods and for training purposes. The material is available in 5 L units from IAEA (http://nucleus.iaea.org/rpst/index.htm).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Livingston HD, Povinec PP (2000) Ocean Coast Manag 43:689–712
Livingston HD, Povinec PP (2002) Health Phys 82:656–668
Povinec PP, Sanchez.Cabeza JA (eds) (2008) Radionuclides in the environment. Elsevier, Amsterdam
Povinec PP, Betti M, Jull AJT, Vojtyla P (2008) Acta Phys Slovaca 58:1–150
Povinec PP (2005) J Radioanal Nucl Chem 263:413–417
Povinec PP, Hirose K, Honda T, Ito T, Scott ME, Togawa O (2004) J Environ Radioact 76:113–137
Aoyama M, Hirose K, Igarashi Y (2006) J Environ Monit 8:431–438
Sanchez-Cabeza JA, Pham MK, Povinec PP (2008) J Environ Rad 99:1680–1686
Povinec PP, Pham MK (2001) J Radioanal Nucl Chem 248:211–216
Povinec PP, Badia C, Baeza A, Barci-Funel G, Bergan TD, Bojanowski R, Burnette W, Eikenberg J, Fifield LK, Serradell V, Gastaud J, Goroncy I, Herrmann J, Hotchkis MAC, Ikaheimonen TK, Jakobson E, Kalimbadjan J, La Rosa JJ, Lee S-H, Liong Wee Kwong L, Lueng WM, Nielsen SP, Noureddine A, Pham MK, Rohou J-N, Sanchez-Cabeza J-A, Suomela J, Suplinska M, Wyse E (2002) J Radioanal Nucl Chem 251:369–374
Pham MK, Sanchez-Cabeza JA, Povinec PP, Arnold D, Benmansour M, Bojanowski R, Carvalho F, Kim CK, Esposito M, Gastaud J, Ham GJ, Hegde AG, Holm E, Jaskierowicz D, Kanisch G, Llaurado M, La Rosa J, Lee SH, Gascó C, Liong Wee Kwong L, Le Petit G, Maruo Y, Nielsen SP, Oh JS, Oregioni B, Palomares J, Pettersson HBL, Rulik P, Ryan T, Sandor T, Satake H, Schikowski J, Skwarzec B, Smedley PA, Vajda N, Wyse E (2006) Appl Rad Isotopes 64:1253–1259
Pham MK, Betti M, Povinec PP, Alfimov V, Biddulph D, Gastaud J, Kieser WE, López Gutiérrez JM, Possnert G, Sanchez-Cabeza JA Suzuki T (2010) J Radioanal Nucl Chem doi: 10.1007/s10967-010-0621-6
Povinec PP, Pham MK, Bojanowski R, Boshkova T, Burnett WC, Chapeyron B, Cunha IL, Dahlgaard H, Galabov N, Gastaud J, Geering J-J, Gomez IF, Green N, Hamilton T, Ibanez FL, Ibn Majah M, John M, Kanisch G, Kenna TC, Kloster M, Korun M, Liong Wee Kwong L, La Rosa J, Lee S-H, Levy-Palomo I, Malatova M, Maruo Y, Murciano IV, Nelson R, Oh J-S, Oregioni B, Le Petit G, Pettersson HBL, Reineking A, Smedley PA, van der Struijs TDB, Teixeira MM, Voors PI, Yoshimizu K, Wyse E (2007) J Radioanal Nucl Chem 273:383–393
Pham MK, Sanchez-Cabeza JA, Povinec PP, Andor K, Arnold D, Benmansour M, Bikit I, Carvalho FP, Dimitrova K, Edrev ZH, Engeler C, Fouche FJ, Garcia-Orellana J, Gascó C, Gastaud J, Gudelis A, Hancock G, Holm E, Legarda F, Ikäheimonen TK, Ilchmann C, Jenkinson AV, Kanisch G, Kis-Benedek G, Kleinschmidt R, Koukouliou V, Kuhar B, La Rosa J, Lee SH, LePetit G, Levy-Palomo I, Liong Wee Kwong L, Llaurado M, Maringer FJ, Meyer M, Michalik B, Michel H, Nies H, Nour S, Oh JS, Oregioni B, Palomares J, Pantelic G, Pfitzner J, Pilvio R, Puskeiler L, Satake H, Schikowski J, Vitorovic G, Woodhead D, Wyse E (2008) Appl Rad Isot 66:1711–1717
Pham MK, Betti M, Povinec PP, Benmansour M, Bojanowski R, Bouisset P, Calvo EC, Ham GJ, Holm E, Hult M, Ilchmann C, Kloster M, Kanisch G, Köhler M, LaRosa J, Lagarda F, Llauradó L, Nourredine A, Oh J-S, Pellicciari M, Rieth U, Rogriguez y Baena AM, Sanchez-Cabeza JA, Satake H, Schikowski J, Takeishi M, Thébault H, Varga Z (2010) J Radioanal Nucl Chem 283:851–859
Povinec PP, Pham MK, Ballestra S (1999) Report on the intercomparison run IAEA-381: radionuclides in Irish sea water, IAEA/AL/118, IAEA/MEL/66. IAEA, Monaco, p 43
Pham MK, Sanchez-Cabeza JA (2009) Interlaboratory comparison-radionuclides in Irish sea water IAEA-443, IAEA/AQ/10, Monaco, pp 31
International Standard Organization (ISO) (2006) Guide 35 Certification of reference materials––general and statistical principles. ISO, Geneva
International Standard Organization (ISO) (1993) Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement. ISO, Geneva
Taylor BN, Kuyatt CE (1994) Guidelines for evaluating and expressing the uncertainty of NIST measurement results; NIST technical note 1297, Washington DC, p 20
International Standard Organization (ISO) (1997) Guide 43 “Proficiency testing and interlaboratory comparisons”. ISO/IEC, Geneva
Thompson M, Ellison SLR, Wood R (2006) J Pure Appl Chem 78:145–196
Cofino WP, Wells DE (1994) Mar Poll Bull 29:149–158
La Rosa J, Gastaud J, Lagan L, Lee SH, Levy-Palomo I, Povinec PP, Wyse E (2005) J Radioanal Nucl Chem 263:427–436
León Vintró L, Mitchell PI, Condren OM, Moran M, Vives i Batlle J, Sánchez-Cabeza JA (1996) Nucl Instr Method Phys Res A 369:597–602
Zheng J, Yamada M (2007) Anal Sci 23:611–615
Acknowledgments
The authors are indebted to colleagues who took part in the analytical works. Special acknowledgement is to the Federal Maritime and Hydrographical Agency (Hamburg, Germany) for sample collection in the Irish Sea, and to the Risø National Laboratory (Denmark) for providing the sample to IAEA-MEL. PPP acknowledges a support provided by the EU Research & Development Operational Program funded by the ERDF (project No. 26240220004). The IAEA is grateful for the support provided to its Marine Environment Laboratories by the Government of the Principality of Monaco.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pham, M.K., Betti, M., Povinec, P.P. et al. A certified reference material for radionuclides in the water sample from Irish Sea (IAEA-443). J Radioanal Nucl Chem 288, 603–611 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-010-0976-8
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-010-0976-8