Fig. 1. Geographic location of King George Island and the sampling sites in Marian Cove. Several stations have been operated for years on King George Island. Limpets, N. concinna, were collected from the intertidal zones near the King Sejong Station in early January of 2001. Rectangles represent the sites for seawater sampling, and triangles for limpet sampling. Arrows indicate the input of glacial runoff. Bathymetric contours (in meters) were provided by Korea Ocean Research & Development Institute (1994).

Fig. 2. Spatial variations of temperature (Temp), suspended particulate matter (SPM) and particulate Al and Fe concentrations in the surface seawater of Marian Cove.

Fig. 3. Relationships between shell length (SL) and tissue dry mass (TDM) of N. concinna collected from different sites. There were no statistical differences in the SL–TDM relationships among the sites with the regression coefficients ranging from 2.55 to 3.71 (analysis of covariance [ANCOVA], p>0.5). The regression equation of the pooled data was TDM=10^−4.99 SL^3.19 with (SE_b=0.10, n=93, r²=0.86, p<0.001).

Fig. 4. Comparisons of metal concentrations (μg g⁻¹ TDM except Fe in %TDM) between N. concinna collected from different sampling sites. Data from St. A and St. B were shown to have no statistical difference with each other, and they were pooled for clarity of statistical analysis. The concentration values from St. D were intermediate between St. C and St. E, and not plotted for visual clarity of the comparisons. Solid regression lines are statistically significant; dotted lines, statistically insignificant, are plotted for clarity of comparisons.

Fig. 5. Comparisons of metal concentrations (μg g⁻¹ TDM except Fe in %TDM) in N. concinna feces between the sampling sites. Mean ± 1 standard deviation bars (n=4 at Sts. A & E, n=1 at St. C) are represented. Significance: ^*0.01<p<0.05; ^**0.001<p<0.01; ^***p<0.001.

Fig. 6. Ranges of metal concentrations (μg l⁻¹ for seawater, μg g⁻¹ TDM for the others) in seawater, seaweed (Adenocystis utricularis and Iridea cordata) and N. concinna tissue and feces. All the data are presented as vertical points. ND: not determined.

Fig. 7. Relationships between Fe (%TDM) and other metal concentrations (μg g⁻¹ TDM) in N. concinna tissue.

Table 1. Concentration ranges of suspended particulate matter (SPM, in mg l⁻¹) and of various metals (particulate and dissolved fractions, μg l⁻¹) in the surface seawater of Marian Cove during the 2000/2001 season

Seawater samples were collected on the same date, December 8th, 2000.

ND: not determined.

Table 2. Pearson correlation coefficients between the element (particulate) concentrations and the environmental variables in the seawater of Marian Cove in early January of 2001

Temp: temperature; Sal: salinity; SPM: suspended particulate matter. Significance: ^*0.01<p<0.05; ^***p<0.001, n=22.

Table 3. Comparisons of metal concentrations (μg g dry mass⁻¹) in the brown alga Adenocystis utricularis and the red alga Iridea cordata between St. A (the nearest to the glacial input) and St. E (the farthest from the glacial input)

Non-parametric Mann–Whitney U-tests were conducted to test significance of the differences between the two sites. Significance: ^*0.01<p<0.05, n=4.