Publication: Ocultación de la riqueza rústica en España (1870-1936): acerca de la fiabilidad de las estadísticas sobre la propiedad y uso de la tierra
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1995
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Alianza Editorial : Centro de Estudios Constitucionales (España)
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La Contribución territorial, creada en 1845, estaba viciada por la carencia de un
sistema eficaz de obtención de datos sobre la propiedad y uso de la tierra. Los documentos
conocidos como «amillarimientos» no sólo carecen de fiabilidad por contener
un alto nivel de ocultación, sino que en realidad eran fruto de negociaciones políticas y
no de averiguaciones estadísticas. El análisis pormenorizado del caso de la provincia de
Cádiz confirma este punto de vista. En consecuencia, la imagen del crecimiento agrícola
español de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX y del primer tercio del XX, debería ser matizada
con el hecho de que coincide con un periodo de mejora en la calidad de los
datos oficiales sobre superficie cultivada, producciones y rendimientos de hecho, las
series que venimos manejando parecen partir de niveles artificialmente bajos, en virtud
de la prevención antifiscal dominante en el mundo rural de entonces.
The Land Tax, established in Spain in 1845, suffered from the lack of an efficient system of data collection concerning ownership and the use of land. The documents known as «amillaramientos» are unworthy of trust, not only due to their high level o concealment, but also as result of the fact that they were by nature the fruits of political negociations and not of statistical research. A detailed analysis of the province of Cádiz confirms this hypothesis. As a result, the study of the Spanish agricultural growth of the second half of die nineteenth century and die first third of the twentieth century must consider the coincidence between this time period and the growing improvement in the quality of the official Information concerned with cultivated areas, productions and profits. The series so far used depart, from artificially low figures, distorted by the antifiscal efforts which dominated the Spanish rural world at the time.
The Land Tax, established in Spain in 1845, suffered from the lack of an efficient system of data collection concerning ownership and the use of land. The documents known as «amillaramientos» are unworthy of trust, not only due to their high level o concealment, but also as result of the fact that they were by nature the fruits of political negociations and not of statistical research. A detailed analysis of the province of Cádiz confirms this hypothesis. As a result, the study of the Spanish agricultural growth of the second half of die nineteenth century and die first third of the twentieth century must consider the coincidence between this time period and the growing improvement in the quality of the official Information concerned with cultivated areas, productions and profits. The series so far used depart, from artificially low figures, distorted by the antifiscal efforts which dominated the Spanish rural world at the time.
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Revista de Historia Económica Año XIII Invierno 1995 n. 1 pp. 89--114