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Título: | A SPAD-based 3D imager with in-pixel TDC for 145ps-accuracy ToF measuremen |
Autor: | Vornicu, Ion CSIC ORCID; Carmona-Galán, R. CSIC ORCID ; Rodríguez-Vázquez, Ángel CSIC ORCID | Palabras clave: | 3D vision Time-to-digital converter Time interpolation Time gating Time-of-flight Single-photon avalancje diode PVT calibration Reverese Star-stop |
Fecha de publicación: | 2015 | Editor: | The International Society for Optics and Photonics | Citación: | Proc. SPIE 9403, Image Sensors and Imaging Systems 2015, 94030I (March 13, 2015); | Resumen: | The design and measurements of a CMOS 64 × 64 Single-Photon Avalanche-Diode (SPAD) array with in-pixel Time-to-Digital Converter (TDC) are presented. This paper thoroughly describes the imager at architectural and circuit level with particular emphasis on the characterization of the SPAD-detector ensemble. It is aimed to 2D imaging and 3D image reconstruction in low light environments. It has been fabricated in a standard 0.18μm CMOS process, i. e. without high voltage or low noise features. In these circumstances, we are facing a high number of dark counts and low photon detection efficiency. Several techniques have been applied to ensure proper functionality, namely: i) time-gated SPAD front-end with fast active-quenching/recharge circuit featuring tunable dead-time, ii) reverse start-stop scheme, iii) programmable time resolution of the TDC based on a novel pseudo-differential voltage controlled ring oscillator with fast start-up, iv) a global calibration scheme against temperature and process variation. Measurements results of individual SPAD-TDC ensemble jitter, array uniformity and time resolution programmability are also provided. © (2015) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only. | Descripción: | Comunicación presentada al Image Sensors and Imaging Systems celebrado en San Francsico del 9 al 10 de Febrero de 2015 | Versión del editor: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2078777 | URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/114203 | DOI: | 10.1117/12.2078777 |
Aparece en las colecciones: | (IMSE-CNM) Artículos |
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2015spie_ei_ivornicu_v3.pdf | 590,48 kB | Adobe PDF | Visualizar/Abrir |
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