Avaliação da aptidão física em alunos dos 11 aos 14 anos, praticantes e não praticantes desportivos : estudo de caso
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2012
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Este estudo pretende caracterizar a Aptidão Física (ApF) de alunos que praticam e que não praticam atividade desportiva extracurricular, verificando a sua evolução durante um ano letivo e ao longo da idade.
A amostra é constituída por 146 alunos, 78 do género masculino e 68 do género feminino, do 5º ao 9° ano de escolaridade, do Agrupamento de Escolas Josefa de Óbidos, com idades compreendidas entre os 11 e os 14 anos.
A avaliação da ApF é feita através dos critérios previstos na bateria de testes do Fitnessgram, nas provas de Vaivem (CA), Força Média (FM), Senta e alcança (FL) e o nível e tipo de prática desportiva através de questionário.
Para análise dos dados são utilizados procedimentos estatísticos essenciais, com um nível de significância 5% (p<0,05). Aplica-se o Independente-Samples T-test na comparação de não praticantes e praticantes, género e idade e o Teste t-pares na evolução da avaliação inicial para a final, usando o SPSS (versão 19).
Das principais conclusões retira-se que: (1) Os níveis de ApF são crescentes e significativos do 1º para o 2º momento em não praticantes, excetuando quando analisados por idade na FM em rapazes e em raparigas não praticantes de 13 e 14 anos; na CA e FL nos não praticantes, rapazes de 12 e 13 anos e raparigas de 12 anos; (2) na comparação de não praticantes e praticantes verificam-se valores estatisticamente significativos em todos os testes, à exceção, do teste da FM, na avaliação inicial e na final. Quando analisados por idade verificam-se igualmente significativos na CA em rapazes de 11, 13 e 14 anos e nas raparigas de 13 anos. Idêntico comportamento ocorre na FL em rapazes de 14 anos e raparigas de 12 e 14 anos, em ambas as avaliações; (3) os níveis de ApF aumentam com a idade - a diferença mais acentuada ocorre dos 11 para os 12 anos na FM (rapazes praticantes e raparigas não praticantes) e na CA (rapazes e raparigas não praticantes); verificam-se pequenas variações na FL, sendo estatisticamente significativas, com decréscimo acentuado, dos 13 para os 14 anos em não praticantes e com aumento significativo, para as mesmas idades, nos praticantes.
The current study aims at understanding the influence of sports practice in the levels of Physical Fitness (ApF) in students that attend extra-curricular physical and students who don’t, during one school year and according to their age. The chosen sample includes 146 students, 78 of them are males and 68 are females, aged between 11 and 14 years old, that attend grades 5th to 9th in Agrupamento de Escolas Josefa de Óbidos. Method: The evolution of ApF was obtained by application of some of the criteria include in the fitnessgram Test, mainly PACER test (CA), Curl-up (FM) e Back saver Sit an Reach (FL), while the level and type of practice in sports was obtained through questionnaires. Some essential statistical procedures were employed to analyze the data obtained, with a level of significance %5 (p<0,05) The Independent Samples T-test was applied to compare those that practice sports and those who don’t, gender and age, and Test t-pares was applied in the evolution of the evaluation mad between 1th and 2th measures, using SPSS (19 version). The main conclusions of the study are: (1) The levels of ApF grow significantly between the moments of evaluation in those who don’t practice physical activity, but not when analyzed by age in boys and girls of 13 and 14 years in the FM test; (2) when comparing those who practice physical activity and those o who don’t, the statistical results are very important in all tests, exception made to the FM test, both in both moments of evaluation. When the data is analyzed by the age of the students, there are also some important results in the CA for boys aged 11, 13 and 14 and for girls aged 13. The same happens for boys of 14 years in the Fl, and for girls aged 12 and 14 in both evaluations. (3) The levels of ApF increase with age – most significant is the one that occurs from 11 to 12 years old in FM (in boys that practice sports and girls that don’t) and CA (boys and girls that don’t practice). FL is not as stable as the previous two. There were small statistical variations in FL, but still statistically relevant, with a slight decrease, from 13 to 14 years old in boys that don’t practice sports and with a slight increase, for the same ages, to those o practice.
The current study aims at understanding the influence of sports practice in the levels of Physical Fitness (ApF) in students that attend extra-curricular physical and students who don’t, during one school year and according to their age. The chosen sample includes 146 students, 78 of them are males and 68 are females, aged between 11 and 14 years old, that attend grades 5th to 9th in Agrupamento de Escolas Josefa de Óbidos. Method: The evolution of ApF was obtained by application of some of the criteria include in the fitnessgram Test, mainly PACER test (CA), Curl-up (FM) e Back saver Sit an Reach (FL), while the level and type of practice in sports was obtained through questionnaires. Some essential statistical procedures were employed to analyze the data obtained, with a level of significance %5 (p<0,05) The Independent Samples T-test was applied to compare those that practice sports and those who don’t, gender and age, and Test t-pares was applied in the evolution of the evaluation mad between 1th and 2th measures, using SPSS (19 version). The main conclusions of the study are: (1) The levels of ApF grow significantly between the moments of evaluation in those who don’t practice physical activity, but not when analyzed by age in boys and girls of 13 and 14 years in the FM test; (2) when comparing those who practice physical activity and those o who don’t, the statistical results are very important in all tests, exception made to the FM test, both in both moments of evaluation. When the data is analyzed by the age of the students, there are also some important results in the CA for boys aged 11, 13 and 14 and for girls aged 13. The same happens for boys of 14 years in the Fl, and for girls aged 12 and 14 in both evaluations. (3) The levels of ApF increase with age – most significant is the one that occurs from 11 to 12 years old in FM (in boys that practice sports and girls that don’t) and CA (boys and girls that don’t practice). FL is not as stable as the previous two. There were small statistical variations in FL, but still statistically relevant, with a slight decrease, from 13 to 14 years old in boys that don’t practice sports and with a slight increase, for the same ages, to those o practice.
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Orientação : Jorge Proença
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DESPORTO, EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA, APTIDÃO FÍSICA, JOVENS, SPORT, PHYSICAL EDUCATION, PHYSICAL FITNESS, YOUNG PEOPLE, MESTRADO EM ENSINO DA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA NOS ENS. BÁSICO E SECUNDÁRIO