Análise comparativa entre as histórias de vida de jovens delinquentes e de jovens “normativos”: serão assim tão diferentes?
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2017
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Há um contínuo entre o que é considerado uma adolescência “normativa”, da qual
o desvio faz parte, até à adoção de comportamentos antissociais e “delinquentes”.
A literatura tem-se focado ou na adolescência ou na delinquência, não havendo estudos
que procurem articular estas duas dimensões, ou seja, analisar comparativamente
adolescentes com comportamentos delinquentes e adolescentes “normativos”. Assim, no
presente estudo procura-se comparar as histórias de vida de jovens delinquentes e de
jovens “normativos”, no sentido de compreender este contínuo e tentar identificar o que
os distingue. Para tal, entrevistaram-se 9 jovens institucionalizados em centros educativos
(que cometeram crimes) e 9 jovens da comunidade sem historial de comportamento
criminal. Utilizou-se a entrevista semi-estruturada “A história de vida” (The Life Story
Interview”, Dan. P. McAdams 2008), sendo administrada individualmente. Utilizou-se
como metodologia de análise das entrevistas a análise temática, recorrendo ao Nvivo 10.
Os resultados indicam algumas diferenças mas também semelhanças entre os jovens: na
história de vida dos jovens delinquentes os comportamentos desviantes é um tema que se
destaca, enquanto que na dos jovens normativos há um foco no tema das atividades de
lazer. Distinguem-se também ao nível do aproveitamento e percurso escolar. No entanto,
ambos destacam e valorizam a família e o grupo de pares. Estes temas são discutidos e
comparados tendo por base o que a literatura indica sobre os fatores de risco e os fatores
protetores para a delinquência.
There is a continuum between what is considered a "normative" adolescence, from which deviation forms part, to the adoption of antisocial and "delinquent" behavior. The literature has focused either on adolescence or delinquency, and there are no studies that attempt to articulate these two dimensions, that is, to comparatively analyze adolescents with delinquent and "normative" adolescent behaviors. Thus, the present study seeks to compare the life histories of delinquent young people and "normative" young people, in order to understand this continuum and try to identify what distinguishes them. For this, we interviewed 9 young people institutionalized in educational centers (who committed crimes) and 9 young people of the community without history of criminal behavior. The semi-structured interview "The Life Story Interview", Dan P. McAdams 2008), was administered individually. The methodology used to analyze the interviews was the thematic analysis, using the Nvivo 10. The results indicate some differences but also similarities among young people: in the life history of delinquent youth, deviant behavior is a theme that stands out, while in the of normative young people there is a focus on the theme of leisure activities. They also distinguish themselves in terms of achievement and school progress. However, both highlight and value the family and peer group. These themes are discussed and compared based on what the literature indicates about risk factors and protective factors for delinquency.
There is a continuum between what is considered a "normative" adolescence, from which deviation forms part, to the adoption of antisocial and "delinquent" behavior. The literature has focused either on adolescence or delinquency, and there are no studies that attempt to articulate these two dimensions, that is, to comparatively analyze adolescents with delinquent and "normative" adolescent behaviors. Thus, the present study seeks to compare the life histories of delinquent young people and "normative" young people, in order to understand this continuum and try to identify what distinguishes them. For this, we interviewed 9 young people institutionalized in educational centers (who committed crimes) and 9 young people of the community without history of criminal behavior. The semi-structured interview "The Life Story Interview", Dan P. McAdams 2008), was administered individually. The methodology used to analyze the interviews was the thematic analysis, using the Nvivo 10. The results indicate some differences but also similarities among young people: in the life history of delinquent youth, deviant behavior is a theme that stands out, while in the of normative young people there is a focus on the theme of leisure activities. They also distinguish themselves in terms of achievement and school progress. However, both highlight and value the family and peer group. These themes are discussed and compared based on what the literature indicates about risk factors and protective factors for delinquency.
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Orientação: Ana Rita Conde
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM PSICOLOGIA CLÍNICA E DA SAÚDE, PSICOLOGIA, PSICOLOGIA CLÍNICA, ADOLESCÊNCIA, HISTÓRIAS DE VIDA, COMPORTAMENTO NA ADOLESCÊNCIA, COMPORTAMENTO DESVIANTE, PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, ADOLESCENCE, LIFE STORIES, BEHAVIOUR IN ADOLESCENCE, DEVIANT BEHAVIOUR