Efeito da terapia assistida por animais num programa de fisioterapia especializada para doença de parkinson ao nível do equilíbrio, motivação, vitalidade e autonomia para o tratamento
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Data
2018
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Objetivo. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o efeito da Terapia assistida por animais num programa de fisioterapia especializada para a doença de Parkinson ao nível do equilíbrio, nível de motivação, vitalidade e autonomia para o tratamento.
Método. Numa primeira fase foi elaborada uma actualização de uma revisão sistemática de literatura já existente (Yitayeh & Teshome, 2016). Para o processo de pesquisa de dados usou-se a Pubmed, num intervalo de tempo de Fevereiro de 2018 a Março de 2018. Utilizou-se o modelo PICO.
Numa segunda fase foi realizado um ensaio controlado não randomizado com uma amostra de 40 elementos em que o grupo experimental (n=20) realizou fisioterapia especializada para treino de equilíbrio com terapia assistida por animal; e o grupo de comparação (n=20) realizou o tratamento standard de fisioterapia especializada para treino de equilíbrio. Realizou-se análises ANOVA de medidas repetidas para comparar a evolução de cada intervenção em: equilíbrio estático; equilíbrio dinâmico; motivação; vitalidade; e autonomia para o tratamento, nos diferentes momentos de avaliação (baseline, após 2 semanas e após 4 semanas).
Resultados. Na revisão sistemática verificou-se que os benefícios de intervenções de treino de equilíbrio foram avaliados bem como os respectivos outcomes primários e secundários (qualidade e velocidade da marcha e ao nível da qualidade de vida). Porém, não se verificaram melhorias significativas no controlo postural, nível motor, na força muscular dos MI, níveis depressivos, medo de queda e na severidade dos episódios depressivos.
No estudo realizado verificou-se que, quer o grupo experimental, quer o grupo de comparação mostraram melhorias em todas as medidas e nos diferentes momentos de avaliação. Contudo, as melhorias registadas relativamente ao equilíbrio estático, na motivação, vitalidade e na autonomia, foram similares entre grupos. Já no que respeita o equilíbrio dinâmico verificou-se melhorias mais expressivas no grupo experimental comparativamente com o de comparação. Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos na actualização da revisão sistemática foram semelhantes aos resultados obtidos na revisão sistemática inicial (Yitayeh & Teshome, 2016).No estudo realizado concluiu-se que a terapia assistida por animais é uma das terapias que demonstrou benefícios na melhorias de um dos principais sintomas a ter em conta nas intervenções para pessoas com doença de Parkinson: o equilíbrio dinâmico. Como tal, estas intervenções podem incluir a terapia assistida por animais no tratamento da doença de Parkinson.
Goal. The present study aimed to analyze the effect of animal assisted therapy in a specialized physiotherapy program for Parkinson's disease at the level of: balance, motivation, vitality and autonomy for treatment on people with Parkinson's disease. Method. Initially, an update of a systematic review of existing literature (Yitayeh & Teshome, 2016) was prepared. For the data search process Pubmed was used in a time interval from February 2018 to March 2018. The PICO model was used. In a second phase, a non-randomized controlled trial was conducted with a 40-sample sample in which the experimental group underwent specialized physiotherapy for balance training with animal assisted therapy; and the comparison group performed the standard treatment of specialized physiotherapy for balance training. ANOVA of repeated measures were performed to compare the evolution of each intervention in: static balance; dynamic balance; motivation; vitality; and autonomy for the treatment, in the different moments of evaluation. Results. In the systematic review it was found that the benefits of balance training interventions were evaluated as well as the respective primary and secondary outcomes (quality and gait speed and quality of life). However, there were no significant improvements in postural control, motor level, MI muscle strength, depressive levels, fear of falling, and severity of depressive episodes. In the study, it was verified that both the experimental group and the comparison group showed improvements in all measurements and in different moments of evaluation. However, improvements in static balance, motivation, vitality, and autonomy were similar between groups. Regarding the dynamic balance, there were more significant improvements in the experimental group compared to the comparison group. Conclusion: The results obtained in the update of the systematic review were similar to the results showed in the initial systematic review (Yitayeh & Teshome, 2016). In the study conducted, it was concluded that animal assisted therapy is one of the therapies that demonstrated benefits in improving one of the main symptoms to be taken into account in interventions for people with Parkinson's disease: dynamic balance. As such, these interventions may include animal assisted therapy in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
Goal. The present study aimed to analyze the effect of animal assisted therapy in a specialized physiotherapy program for Parkinson's disease at the level of: balance, motivation, vitality and autonomy for treatment on people with Parkinson's disease. Method. Initially, an update of a systematic review of existing literature (Yitayeh & Teshome, 2016) was prepared. For the data search process Pubmed was used in a time interval from February 2018 to March 2018. The PICO model was used. In a second phase, a non-randomized controlled trial was conducted with a 40-sample sample in which the experimental group underwent specialized physiotherapy for balance training with animal assisted therapy; and the comparison group performed the standard treatment of specialized physiotherapy for balance training. ANOVA of repeated measures were performed to compare the evolution of each intervention in: static balance; dynamic balance; motivation; vitality; and autonomy for the treatment, in the different moments of evaluation. Results. In the systematic review it was found that the benefits of balance training interventions were evaluated as well as the respective primary and secondary outcomes (quality and gait speed and quality of life). However, there were no significant improvements in postural control, motor level, MI muscle strength, depressive levels, fear of falling, and severity of depressive episodes. In the study, it was verified that both the experimental group and the comparison group showed improvements in all measurements and in different moments of evaluation. However, improvements in static balance, motivation, vitality, and autonomy were similar between groups. Regarding the dynamic balance, there were more significant improvements in the experimental group compared to the comparison group. Conclusion: The results obtained in the update of the systematic review were similar to the results showed in the initial systematic review (Yitayeh & Teshome, 2016). In the study conducted, it was concluded that animal assisted therapy is one of the therapies that demonstrated benefits in improving one of the main symptoms to be taken into account in interventions for people with Parkinson's disease: dynamic balance. As such, these interventions may include animal assisted therapy in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
Descrição
Orientação: António Palmeira
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM EXERCÍCIO E BEM-ESTAR, DESPORTO, SPORT, EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA, PHYSICAL EDUCATION, FISIOTERAPIA, PHYSIOTHERAPY, DOENÇA DE PARKINSON, PARKINSON'S DISEASE, TERAPIA ASSISTIDA POR ANIMAIS, ANIMAL-ASSISTED THERAPY, ANIMAIS, ANIMALS