Four locally indistinguishable ququad-ququad orthogonal maximally entangled states
- Publication Type:
- Journal Article
- Citation:
- Physical Review Letters, 2012, 109 (2)
- Issue Date:
- 2012-07-13
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We explicitly exhibit a set of four ququad-ququad orthogonal maximally entangled states that cannot be perfectly distinguished by means of local operations and classical communication. Before our work, it was unknown whether there is a set of d locally indistinguishable d - d orthogonal maximally entangled states for some positive integer d. We further show that a 2 - 2 maximally entangled state can be used to locally distinguish this set of states without being consumed, thus demonstrate a novel phenomenon of entanglement discrimination catalysis. Based on this set of states, we construct a new set K consisting of four locally indistinguishable states such that K -m (with 4m members) is locally distinguishable for some m greater than one. As an immediate application, we construct a noisy quantum channel with one sender and two receivers whose local zero-error classical capacity can achieve the full dimension of the input space but only with a multi-shot protocol. © 2012 American Physical Society.
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