From the first philosophical-pedagogical communities to the magisterium of Alcuin of York and the Schola Palatina: the educational approach of universality

This work arises from a theoretical reflection of the universal values of pedagogy. Although prejudices and social marginalization have spanned the centuries, flashes of pedagogical attention have been traced both in the Greek and Roman worlds as well as in the inclusive approaches to education identified in the first philosophical-pedagogical communities of Alcuin of York and the Schola Palatina. Therefore, the objective of this work is to propose a general framework of humanizing pedagogy through the value of inclusion as a universal educational resource.