Detection of Streptococcus agalactiae colonization in pregnant women by using combined swab cultures: cross-sectional prevalence study
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Data
2010-01-01
Autores
Marconi, Camila [UNESP]
Rocchetti, Talita Trevizani [UNESP]
Rall, Vera Lúcia Mores [UNESP]
Carvalho, Lidia Raquel de [UNESP]
Borges, Vera Therezinha Medeiros [UNESP]
Silva, Marcia Guimarães da [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Associação Paulista de Medicina (APM)
Resumo
CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: Colonização materna por Streptococcus agalactiae e sepse neonatal de início precoce têm despertado interesse na literatura mundial. A doença estreptocócica neonatal está associada com significantes índices de morbidade e mortalidade perinatal, principalmente nos recém-nascidos prematuros. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de colonização estreptocócica materna por meio da coleta de swabs combinados, comparada com coleta de swab num único local. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo transversal na Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista. MÉTODOS: Foram obtidas amostras de 405 pacientes com idade gestacional entre 35 e 37 semanas. Swabs da região perianal retal, introito vaginal e terço distal da parede vaginal foram cultivados em caldo seletivo de Todd-Hewitt. Colônias sugestivas de Streptococcus agalactiae foram submetidas aos testes de catalase e CAMP (Christie, Atkins, Munch-Petersen). Para avaliação da positividade de cultura de swabs combinados foi empregado o teste de Tukey para comparação de proporções. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de colonização estreptocócica foi de 25,4%. Dentre as pacientes com cultura positiva, 28,1% tiveram positividade em apenas um local de coleta, 24,2% em dois locais simultaneamente e 47,5% nos três locais avaliados. Associação de swabs de dois locais de coleta aumentou significativamente o isolamento estreptocócico, comparado a único swab (P < 0,05), exceto para coleta perianal. (retal) Utilização de swabs combinados de três locais de coleta mostrou taxas de isolamento estatisticamente superiores. CONCLUSÃO: Na cultura de swabs combinados de três locais de coleta houve maior prevalência de colonização materna por Streptococcus agalactiae, comparada com coleta de swabs em um único local.
CONTEXT and OBJECTIVE: Maternal Streptococcus agalactiae colonization and early-onset neonatal sepsis have aroused interest in the worldwide literature. Streptococcal neonatal disease is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in the perinatal period, especially among premature neonates. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of maternal streptococcal colonization by using combined swab cultures, compared with swab collection from a single site. DESIGN and SETTING: Cross-sectional study at Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista. METHODS: Samples were obtained from 405 patients at gestational ages of 35 to 37 weeks. Swabs from the perianal (rectal) region, vaginal introitus and upper lateral vaginal vault were cultured in Todd-Hewitt selective broth. Colonies suggestive of Streptococcus agalactiae were subjected to the catalase and CAMP (Christie, Atkins, Munch-Petersen) tests. To evaluate the positivity of combined swab cultures, Tukey's test was used for comparison of proportions. RESULTS: The prevalence of streptococcal colonization was 25.4%. Among the patients with positive cultures, 28.1% had this at only one collection site, 24.2% simultaneously at two sites and 47.5% at all three sites. Associating the swabs from two collection sites significantly increased streptococcal isolation, compared with a single swab (P < 0.05), except for perianal (rectal) collection. Use of combined swabs from three collection sites showed statistically higher isolation rates. CONCLUSION: In combined swab cultures collected from three collection sites, the prevalence of maternal Streptococcus agalactiae colonization was higher than in swabs collected from a single site.
CONTEXT and OBJECTIVE: Maternal Streptococcus agalactiae colonization and early-onset neonatal sepsis have aroused interest in the worldwide literature. Streptococcal neonatal disease is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in the perinatal period, especially among premature neonates. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of maternal streptococcal colonization by using combined swab cultures, compared with swab collection from a single site. DESIGN and SETTING: Cross-sectional study at Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista. METHODS: Samples were obtained from 405 patients at gestational ages of 35 to 37 weeks. Swabs from the perianal (rectal) region, vaginal introitus and upper lateral vaginal vault were cultured in Todd-Hewitt selective broth. Colonies suggestive of Streptococcus agalactiae were subjected to the catalase and CAMP (Christie, Atkins, Munch-Petersen) tests. To evaluate the positivity of combined swab cultures, Tukey's test was used for comparison of proportions. RESULTS: The prevalence of streptococcal colonization was 25.4%. Among the patients with positive cultures, 28.1% had this at only one collection site, 24.2% simultaneously at two sites and 47.5% at all three sites. Associating the swabs from two collection sites significantly increased streptococcal isolation, compared with a single swab (P < 0.05), except for perianal (rectal) collection. Use of combined swabs from three collection sites showed statistically higher isolation rates. CONCLUSION: In combined swab cultures collected from three collection sites, the prevalence of maternal Streptococcus agalactiae colonization was higher than in swabs collected from a single site.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Streptococcus agalactiae, Gravidez, Recém-nascido, Isolamento de pacientes, Meios de cultura, Streptococcus agalactiae, Pregnancy, Infant, newborn, Patient isolation, Culture media
Como citar
São Paulo Medical Journal. Associação Paulista de Medicina - APM, v. 128, n. 2, p. 60-62, 2010.