Mobilidade do sulfentrazone em latossolo vermelho e em chernossolo
Data
2005-12-01
Autores
Rossi, C.V.S. [UNESP]
Alves, P.L.C.A. [UNESP]
Marques Júnior, J. [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas
Resumo
Este trabalho objetivou determinar a mobilidade do sulfentrazone em duas classes de solos em função de índices pluviométricos, bem como possíveis influências das propriedades químicas e físicas de Latossolo Vermelho e Chernossolo com diferentes teores de ferro na ação do herbicida. Foram utilizados como recipientes 36 tubos de PVC de 10 cm de diâmetro por 50 cm de comprimento. Os recipientes foram preenchidos com os solos e umedecidos a 65% (p/p) da capacidade de saturação, quando se fez a aplicação do sulfentrazone (800 g ha-1 de i.a.) na área exposta dos solos. Na seqüência, foram simuladas chuvas diárias de 10 mm até atingir o índice pluviométrico desejado (30, 60 e 90 mm), sendo, posteriormente, desmontados seis tubos de cada solo (com e sem aplicação). Foram semeadas cinco sementes de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor) nas profundidades de 2,5; 7,5; 12,5; 17,5; 22,5; e 30,0 cm, mantidas em casa de vegetação por 15 dias para avaliação da germinação e do crescimento inicial. Decorrido esse tempo, foi realizada avaliação de possíveis alterações morfofisiológicas que pudessem ser caracterizadas como efeitos tóxicos do produto e mediu-se o comprimento da parte aérea até a última lígula visível. As partes aéreas foram secas em estufa com circulação forçada de ar (70 ºC por 96 horas), para obtenção de matéria seca. No Chernossolo ocorreu uniformidade da distribuição do produto ao longo do tubo, proporcional à precipitação, e no Latossolo Vermelho o sulfentrazone foi pouco móvel, permanecendo na camada superficial, independentemente da precipitação.
This study aimed to determine the mobility of sulfentrazone in two soil classes as a function of increasing rain indices, as well as possible influences of chemical and physical properties of soils with different iron oxide contents (Red Latosol and Chernosol), on herbicide action. The containers consisted of 36 PVC tubes (10 cm diameter x 50 cm long), which were filled with the soils and saturated in 65% (w/w) water followed by sulfentrazone (800 g ha-1 of a.i.) application on the exposed area. Daily rainfalls of 10 mm were subsequently simulated and, as the desired rain indices were reached (30, 60 and 90 mm), six PVC tubes from each soil (with and without application) were disassembled. Five sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) seeds were seeded on soil at depths of 2.5; 7.5; 12.5; 17.5; 22.5 and 30.0 cm, and maintained under greenhouse conditions for 15 days for germination and initial growth evaluation. Also, evaluation of possible morphophysiological changes that could be characterized as toxic effects of the product was carried out and shoot length up to the last visible ligule was measured. The shoots were bagged and dried in a forced draught over (70 ºC for 96 h) to dry matter determination. There was a uniform distribution of the product on the length of the tube, proportional to the rainfall on Chernosol; on Red Latosol, sulfentrazone had little mobility, remaining on the top 2.5 cm, regardless of the rainfall.
This study aimed to determine the mobility of sulfentrazone in two soil classes as a function of increasing rain indices, as well as possible influences of chemical and physical properties of soils with different iron oxide contents (Red Latosol and Chernosol), on herbicide action. The containers consisted of 36 PVC tubes (10 cm diameter x 50 cm long), which were filled with the soils and saturated in 65% (w/w) water followed by sulfentrazone (800 g ha-1 of a.i.) application on the exposed area. Daily rainfalls of 10 mm were subsequently simulated and, as the desired rain indices were reached (30, 60 and 90 mm), six PVC tubes from each soil (with and without application) were disassembled. Five sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) seeds were seeded on soil at depths of 2.5; 7.5; 12.5; 17.5; 22.5 and 30.0 cm, and maintained under greenhouse conditions for 15 days for germination and initial growth evaluation. Also, evaluation of possible morphophysiological changes that could be characterized as toxic effects of the product was carried out and shoot length up to the last visible ligule was measured. The shoots were bagged and dried in a forced draught over (70 ºC for 96 h) to dry matter determination. There was a uniform distribution of the product on the length of the tube, proportional to the rainfall on Chernosol; on Red Latosol, sulfentrazone had little mobility, remaining on the top 2.5 cm, regardless of the rainfall.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Soils, Herbicide, rain, Leaching, depth, Solo, herbicida, chuva, Lixiviação, profundidade
Como citar
Planta Daninha. Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas , v. 23, n. 4, p. 701-710, 2005.