Estudo da toxicidade hepática e esplênica do extrato de Crataegus oxyacantha em camundongos: análises histológicas
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Data
2017-02-21
Autores
Santos, Jéssica Cristina dos [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Embora a medicina moderna esteja bem desenvolvida, de acordo com a Organização Mundial da Saúde, cerca de 75 à 95% da população utiliza a medicina popular para alívio de alguma sintomatologia desagradável. A grande preocupação é que mesmo as plantas medicinais sendo muito utilizadas, não se tem um conhecimento completo sobre sua ação no organismo. A planta Crataegus oxyacantha, também conhecida como espinheiro branco ou Hawthorn, é originária da Europa, América do Norte e Ásia, foi levada para outros continentes e vem sendo muito utilizada devido a seus potenciais efeitos farmacológicos, como agente cardiotônico, antioxidante, hipolipidêmico, anti-inflamatório, sedativo, entre outros. Considerando a importância da planta C. oxyacantha como medicamento alternativo natural e a inexistência de estudos envolvendo a toxicidade celular da mesma; o presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar os efeitos morfo-histológicos do extrato de frutos de C. oxyacantha em três grupos de tratamento I (50mg/Kg), II (100 mg/Kg), e III (200 mg/Kg) em células do fígado e baço de camundongos, a fim de avaliar os efeitos citotóxicos do extrato. O fígado dos indivíduos do grupo I não apresentou dano. Os indivíduos do grupo II apresentaram fígado em estágios iniciais de desorganização tissular e citoplasática. Já aqueles do grupo III sofreram maiores alterações histológicas como extensa desorganização citoplasmática, surgimento de vacúolos e capilares sinusóides aumentados e grande quantidade de células de Kupffer. Por outro lado, o baço não foi modificado histologicamente, após os tratamentos, mantendo sua arquitetura como no grupo controle. Nas análises histoquímicas foi observada alteração apenas no fígado, tanto na quantidade de polissacarídeos quanto de lipídeos. De acordo com os resultados obtidos no presente trabalho pode-se concluir que o extrato de frutos de C. oxyacantha em doses mais elevadas levou a observação de estágios iniciais de desorganização tissular no fígado dos camundongos. Portanto, mais estudos devem ser realizados, já que o conceito popular de que tudo que é natural não faz mal, é contraditório.
Although modern medicine is well developed, according to the World Health Organization, about 75 to 95% of the population uses tradicional medicine to relieve some unpleasant symptoms. The major concern is that even medicinal plants being heavily used, there is no complete knowledge about their action in the body. The plant Crataegus oxyacantha, also known as white hawthorn or Hawthorn, is native to Europe, North America and Asia, was taken to other continents and has been widely used due to its potential pharmacological effects, such as cardiotonic, antioxidant, hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory, sedative, among others. Considering the importance of the C. oxyacantha plant as a natural alternative medicine and the lack of studies involving its cellular toxicity; the objective of this study was to analyze the morpho-histological effects of C. oxyacantha fruit extract in three treatment groups I (50 mg / kg), II (100 mg / kg) and III (200 mg / kg) in liver and spleen cells of mice, in order to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of the extract. The liver of the individuals in group I showed no damage. Individuals in group II presented liver in the early stages of tissue and cytoplasmic disorganization. Already those of group III suffered major histological alterations such as extensive cytoplasmic disorganization, emergence of vacuoles and increased sinusoidal capillaries and large amount of Kupffer cells. On the other hand, the spleen was not histologically modified after the treatments, maintaining its architecture as in the control group. Histochemical analyzes revealed alteration in the liver only, both in the amount of polysaccharides and in lipids. According to the results obtained in the present work it can be concluded that the extract of fruits of C. oxyacantha in higher doses led to the observation of the initial stages of tissue disorganization in the liver of the mice. Therefore, more studies must be carried out, since the popular concept that everything that is natural does not hurt, is contradictory.
Although modern medicine is well developed, according to the World Health Organization, about 75 to 95% of the population uses tradicional medicine to relieve some unpleasant symptoms. The major concern is that even medicinal plants being heavily used, there is no complete knowledge about their action in the body. The plant Crataegus oxyacantha, also known as white hawthorn or Hawthorn, is native to Europe, North America and Asia, was taken to other continents and has been widely used due to its potential pharmacological effects, such as cardiotonic, antioxidant, hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory, sedative, among others. Considering the importance of the C. oxyacantha plant as a natural alternative medicine and the lack of studies involving its cellular toxicity; the objective of this study was to analyze the morpho-histological effects of C. oxyacantha fruit extract in three treatment groups I (50 mg / kg), II (100 mg / kg) and III (200 mg / kg) in liver and spleen cells of mice, in order to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of the extract. The liver of the individuals in group I showed no damage. Individuals in group II presented liver in the early stages of tissue and cytoplasmic disorganization. Already those of group III suffered major histological alterations such as extensive cytoplasmic disorganization, emergence of vacuoles and increased sinusoidal capillaries and large amount of Kupffer cells. On the other hand, the spleen was not histologically modified after the treatments, maintaining its architecture as in the control group. Histochemical analyzes revealed alteration in the liver only, both in the amount of polysaccharides and in lipids. According to the results obtained in the present work it can be concluded that the extract of fruits of C. oxyacantha in higher doses led to the observation of the initial stages of tissue disorganization in the liver of the mice. Therefore, more studies must be carried out, since the popular concept that everything that is natural does not hurt, is contradictory.
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Palavras-chave
Crataegus oxyacantha, Histologia, Fígado, Baço, Histology, Liver, Spleen