Atores e fatores envolvidos na operacionalização do PNAE em Presidente Prudente: um estudo de caso
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Data
2017-04-24
Autores
Miola, Juliano dos Santos [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) é um programa governamental na área da alimentação e nutrição que representa um importante eixo de promoção da segurança alimentar. O objetivo do PNAE é prover as necessidades básicas nutricionais dos estudantes e promover o desenvolvimento inclusivo e a capacidade de oferta da agricultura familiar. No entanto, a operacionalização do programa nos municípios ainda é um desafio. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desse trabalho é identificar e descrever os atores e fatores envolvidos no processo de operacionalização do PNAE no município de Presidente Prudente, analisando o desenvolvimento do programa e cumprimento da legislação. Acredita-se que essa pesquisa pode efetivamente dar subsídios e informações para possíveis melhorias na participação dos agricultores familiares no PNAE e auxiliar o município a melhor desenvolver a operacionalização do programa. Esta é uma pesquisa aplicada que utilizou a pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa. A pesquisa utilizou a técnica do estudo pesquisa documental e de estudo de caso. A delimitação geográfica foi definida pela importância que o município tem no contexto regional. A Secretaria Municipal de Educação – SEDUC do município de Presidente Prudente, possui a maior rede pública de ensino do Pontal do Paranapanema, com 61 escolas. As entrevistas foram realizadas com diversos agentes que estão ligados diretamente ao programa como: Associações, Cooperativa, Produtores rurais ligados às associações e cooperativa, CATI, Casa da Agricultura e Prefeitura municipal nos seguintes departamentos: Departamento de Alimentação Escolar; de Licitações; Jurídico; e de Finanças. Os resultados mostram que existem insatisfação por parte dos produtores quanto a demora nos trâmites da chamada pública e dos repasses dos recursos, porém, também a possível solução deste problema como relatado nas recomendações desta pesquisa. Foram apontados ainda como os principais problemas: a lentidão no pagamento e/ou na abertura da Chamada Pública; baixa conscientização da educação e segurança alimentar, mesmo sendo realizadas campanhas de educação alimentar nas escolas por diretores(as) de escolas e professores(as); centralização da tomada de decisão quanto ao encaminhamento dos recursos; a dificuldade em agregação de valor por parte dos produtores, entre outros. Assim, há necessidade da articulação local de todos os atores envolvidos no processo de produção, compra e distribuição de alimentos da agricultura familiar para a alimentação escolar na execução do programa.
The National Program for School Food Provision (NPSFP) is a governmental program in the area of food and nutrition that represents an important role on promoting food security. The purpose of the program is to contribute to students’ daily nutrition and to promote local development through acquisition from family farmers. However, the operationalization of the program at municipality level is still a challenge. In this sense, the objective of this research is to identify and describe the actors and factors involved in the program operationalization process in the municipality of Presidente Prudente, by analyzing the program development and the legislation. I believed that this research can effectively provide subsidies and information for possible improvements in the participation of the family farmers in NPSFP and to help the municipality to better develop the operationalization of the program. This applied research used a descriptive research under qualitative approach. The research used the technique of documental research and a case study. The geographical delimitation was defined by the importance that the municipality has in the regional context. The Municipal Department of Education - SEDUC of the municipality of Presidente Prudente, has the largest public education network in Pontal do Paranapanema, with 61 schools. The interviews were carried out with several agents that are directly related to the program as: Associations, Cooperative, farmers linked to associations and cooperative, CATI, Secretary of Agriculture and Municipality actors in the following departments: Department of School Feeding; Public Bidding; Department of Legal Issues; And Department of Finance. The results indicate that there is dissatisfaction on the part of the farmers regarding the delay in the procedures of the public call and the transfer of resources, but also there are possible solutions to this problem as reported as recommendations of this research. The main problems were cited: the delay in the payment and / or the opening of the Public Call; Low education and food security awareness, even though school feeding campaigns are carried out in schools by principals and teachers; centralization of decision making regarding the routing of resources; difficulty in aggregating value by farmers, amongst others. Thus, articulation of local actors involved in the process of production, procurement and distribution of food from family farming is crucial to NPSFP for the efficient execution of the program.
The National Program for School Food Provision (NPSFP) is a governmental program in the area of food and nutrition that represents an important role on promoting food security. The purpose of the program is to contribute to students’ daily nutrition and to promote local development through acquisition from family farmers. However, the operationalization of the program at municipality level is still a challenge. In this sense, the objective of this research is to identify and describe the actors and factors involved in the program operationalization process in the municipality of Presidente Prudente, by analyzing the program development and the legislation. I believed that this research can effectively provide subsidies and information for possible improvements in the participation of the family farmers in NPSFP and to help the municipality to better develop the operationalization of the program. This applied research used a descriptive research under qualitative approach. The research used the technique of documental research and a case study. The geographical delimitation was defined by the importance that the municipality has in the regional context. The Municipal Department of Education - SEDUC of the municipality of Presidente Prudente, has the largest public education network in Pontal do Paranapanema, with 61 schools. The interviews were carried out with several agents that are directly related to the program as: Associations, Cooperative, farmers linked to associations and cooperative, CATI, Secretary of Agriculture and Municipality actors in the following departments: Department of School Feeding; Public Bidding; Department of Legal Issues; And Department of Finance. The results indicate that there is dissatisfaction on the part of the farmers regarding the delay in the procedures of the public call and the transfer of resources, but also there are possible solutions to this problem as reported as recommendations of this research. The main problems were cited: the delay in the payment and / or the opening of the Public Call; Low education and food security awareness, even though school feeding campaigns are carried out in schools by principals and teachers; centralization of decision making regarding the routing of resources; difficulty in aggregating value by farmers, amongst others. Thus, articulation of local actors involved in the process of production, procurement and distribution of food from family farming is crucial to NPSFP for the efficient execution of the program.
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Política pública, Agricultura familiar, Segurança alimentar, Family farming, Food security