Estudo e avaliação da acústica de home studios
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Data
2019-08-23
Autores
Carvalho, Vinícius Paggioli de
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A indústria fonográfica com o advento dos equipamentos digitais de gravação sofreu grandes transformações nos últimos anos. A mudança mais marcante é a migração dos músicos que antes trabalhavam com grandes gravadoras e hoje trabalham de forma independente, com estúdios construídos ou adaptados em suas residências, os chamados home studios. Seja em um grande estúdio profissional de gravação, ou em um home studio, o estudo da acústica do local é imprescindível para se obter boa qualidade nas gravações. Uma das áreas aplicadas da acústica é a avaliação e desenvolvimento de ambientes utilizados para gravações de áudio. Essa área contempla diversas avaliações de grande valia, quando se trata da garantia da qualidade acústica das salas em um home studio. Reverberações, isolamento sonoro, entre outras variáveis de projeto definem parâmetros acústicos do ambiente. A obtenção destes parâmetros e adaptações do local para diferentes usos, entre outras características utilizadas para avaliação da qualidade sonora dos ambientes, podem ser dadas através do estudo e avaliação do modelo acústico do estúdio, visto que esses parâmetros estão diretamente relacionados com os materiais construtivos, dimensões e arquitetura do ambiente. Este trabalho teve como objetivo o estudo do efeito desses parâmetros na acústica dos ambientes e a criação de modelos numéricos representativos de predição acústica, a partir da análise e avaliação em dois estúdios diferentes. Assim, provendo embasamento teórico-experimental para que haja um melhor entendimento sobre a influência dos elementos constituintes no tratamento e isolamento acústico das salas de gravação e mixagem. Além das medições in situ, foram feitas simulações numéricas através do software CadnaR, utilizando a geometria dos estúdios como referência, para o ajuste e geração de modelos de predição, com o objetivo de predizer comportamentos de Tempo de Reverberação e Isolamento Sonoro nas salas sob diferentes condições de tratamento acústico. Com estas ferramentas em mãos, foi possível predizer quais alterações são mais adequadas para que a sala tenha um melhor desempenho para um dado tipo de uso, atender determinadas especificações na gravação (voz ou instrumento musical), de acordo com a resposta em frequência e reverberação. Da mesma forma, também se tornou viável simular o comportamento acústico de uma sala que ainda será construída ou adaptada para a prática do home studio.
The phonographic industry, with the advent of digital recording equipments, su ered great transformations in the last few years. The most remarcable change is the migration of musicians that used to work with great record labels before and nowadays work in an independent way, with studios constructed in their residences, the so called home studios. Whether in a large professional recording studio, or at an home studio, the study of local acoustics is imprescindible for obtaining good recording quality. One of the applied areas of acoustics is the valuation and development of enviroments used for audio recordings. This front of study includes many evaluations of great worth when it comes to guaranteeing the acoustic quality in a home studio. Reverberations, sound insulation, between other variables de ne the acoustic quality of the enviroment. The obtention of these parameters and adptations of the room for di erent kind of usage, along with other characteristics utilized for the valuation of acoustic quality of enviroments, may be given through study and valuation of an acoustic model of the studio, since these parameters are directly related to the building materials, dimensions and architecture of the environment. The objective of this work was to study the e ect of these parameters on the acoustics of the environments and the creation of representative numerical models of acoustic prediction, from the analysis and evaluation in two di erent studios, so that it is possible to compare the data with each other, providing theoretical-experimental background to better understand the in uence of the constituent elements on the treatment and acoustic isolation of recording and mixing rooms. In addition to the practical measurements, numerical simulations were performed using CadnaR software, using the physical structures of the studios as reference, for the calibration and generation of prediction models, in order to predict Reverberation Time and Sound Isolation behaviors in rooms under di erent acoustic treatment conditions. With these tools, it was possible to predict which changes are best suited for the room to perform better for a given type of use, attend to certain speci cations in recordings (voice or musical instrument), according to frequency response and reverberation. Similarly, it has also become feasible to simulate the acoustic behavior of a room that will still be built or adapted for a home studio practice, saving time and capital while reducing the incidence of post construction or adaptation of the site.
The phonographic industry, with the advent of digital recording equipments, su ered great transformations in the last few years. The most remarcable change is the migration of musicians that used to work with great record labels before and nowadays work in an independent way, with studios constructed in their residences, the so called home studios. Whether in a large professional recording studio, or at an home studio, the study of local acoustics is imprescindible for obtaining good recording quality. One of the applied areas of acoustics is the valuation and development of enviroments used for audio recordings. This front of study includes many evaluations of great worth when it comes to guaranteeing the acoustic quality in a home studio. Reverberations, sound insulation, between other variables de ne the acoustic quality of the enviroment. The obtention of these parameters and adptations of the room for di erent kind of usage, along with other characteristics utilized for the valuation of acoustic quality of enviroments, may be given through study and valuation of an acoustic model of the studio, since these parameters are directly related to the building materials, dimensions and architecture of the environment. The objective of this work was to study the e ect of these parameters on the acoustics of the environments and the creation of representative numerical models of acoustic prediction, from the analysis and evaluation in two di erent studios, so that it is possible to compare the data with each other, providing theoretical-experimental background to better understand the in uence of the constituent elements on the treatment and acoustic isolation of recording and mixing rooms. In addition to the practical measurements, numerical simulations were performed using CadnaR software, using the physical structures of the studios as reference, for the calibration and generation of prediction models, in order to predict Reverberation Time and Sound Isolation behaviors in rooms under di erent acoustic treatment conditions. With these tools, it was possible to predict which changes are best suited for the room to perform better for a given type of use, attend to certain speci cations in recordings (voice or musical instrument), according to frequency response and reverberation. Similarly, it has also become feasible to simulate the acoustic behavior of a room that will still be built or adapted for a home studio practice, saving time and capital while reducing the incidence of post construction or adaptation of the site.
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Palavras-chave
Acústica, Home studio, Acústica de salas, Acoustics, Room acoustics