Quando a justiça enquadra as ruas: estudo de um processo criminal contra manifestantes em São Paulo
Carregando...
Data
2020-11-30
Autores
Zoccal, Mariana Pinto
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Esta pesquisa analisa enquadramentos e repertórios de atuação do sistema de justiça criminal contra manifestantes, em um episódio popularmente conhecido como “Caso Balta” ou “Caso Centro Cultural São Paulo”. No estudo, adotamos metodologia qualitativa com análise documental do processo criminal e de notícias jornalísticas sobre o caso. Ao seguir o fluxo de passagem dos acusados pelo sistema de justiça criminal, lançamos o foco sobre a atuação de instituições como a Polícia Militar, a Polícia Civil, o Ministério Público, a Advocacia, a Defensoria Pública e o Poder Judiciário, buscando compreender em que medida os repertórios acionados no caso foram extraordinários ou ordinários em relação ao modus operandi das agências policiais e judiciais. No campo da pesquisa, observamos a produção de enquadramentos de “guerra” (como “vândalos”, “arruaceiros” e “padrão Black Bloc”) e de “paz” (como “estudantes”, “pacíficos” e “pessoas de bem”) sobre os acusados no processo. Ademais, notamos que os capitais sociais e as posicionalidades dos acusados em relação aos marcadores sociais da desigualdade contribuíram para que os enquadramentos de “paz” prevalecessem como a verdade dos autos, acionando a aplicação de princípios constitucionais como a “ampla defesa”, o “contraditório” e a “presunção de inocência”. Ao investigar como a justiça enquadra as ruas, nos deparamos com problemáticas como: a infiltração de agentes do Exército em grupos de ativismo; o uso de roupas escuras, lenços vermelhos, máscaras, vinagres e kits de primeiros socorros como “indícios” de autoria e de materialidade de condutas; a precariedade dos mecanismos de controle de práticas policiais abusivas; e a atribuição de legitimidade aos protestos pelos personagens do sistema de justiça, a depender de elementos como as representações sociais, os repertórios, as ideologias e as pautas defendidas pelos manifestantes.
This research analyzes frameworks and repertoires of the criminal justice system's action against protesters, in an episode popularly known as “Caso Balta” or “Caso Centro Cultural São Paulo”. In the study, we adopted a qualitative methodology with documentary analysis of the criminal process and journalistic news about the case. Following the flow of the defendants through the criminal justice system, we focus on the performance of institutions such as the Military Police, the Civil Police, the Public Prosecutor‟s office, the Attorney's Office, the Public Defender and the Judiciary, seeking to understand in what the repertoires used in the case were extraordinary or ordinary in relation to the modus operandi of police and judicial agencies. In the field of research, we observed the production of “war” (such as “vandals”, “hooligans” and “Black Bloc pattern”) and “peace” (such as “students”, “peaceful” and “good people”) frameworks on the defendants in the process. Furthermore, we note that the defendants' social capitals and positionalities in relation to the social markers of inequality contributed to the “peace” framework prevailing as the truth of the case, triggering the application of constitutional principles such as the “broad defense”, the “contradictory” and the “presumption of innocence”. When investigating how justice frames the streets, we are faced with problems such as: the infiltration of army agents in activism groups; the use of dark clothes, red scarves, masks, vinegars and first aid kits as “signs” of authorship and materiality of conducts; the precariousness of mechanisms to control abusive police practices; and the attribution of legitimacy to the protests by the characters of the justice system, depending on elements such as social representations, repertoires, ideologies and agendas defended by the protesters.
This research analyzes frameworks and repertoires of the criminal justice system's action against protesters, in an episode popularly known as “Caso Balta” or “Caso Centro Cultural São Paulo”. In the study, we adopted a qualitative methodology with documentary analysis of the criminal process and journalistic news about the case. Following the flow of the defendants through the criminal justice system, we focus on the performance of institutions such as the Military Police, the Civil Police, the Public Prosecutor‟s office, the Attorney's Office, the Public Defender and the Judiciary, seeking to understand in what the repertoires used in the case were extraordinary or ordinary in relation to the modus operandi of police and judicial agencies. In the field of research, we observed the production of “war” (such as “vandals”, “hooligans” and “Black Bloc pattern”) and “peace” (such as “students”, “peaceful” and “good people”) frameworks on the defendants in the process. Furthermore, we note that the defendants' social capitals and positionalities in relation to the social markers of inequality contributed to the “peace” framework prevailing as the truth of the case, triggering the application of constitutional principles such as the “broad defense”, the “contradictory” and the “presumption of innocence”. When investigating how justice frames the streets, we are faced with problems such as: the infiltration of army agents in activism groups; the use of dark clothes, red scarves, masks, vinegars and first aid kits as “signs” of authorship and materiality of conducts; the precariousness of mechanisms to control abusive police practices; and the attribution of legitimacy to the protests by the characters of the justice system, depending on elements such as social representations, repertoires, ideologies and agendas defended by the protesters.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Manifestantes, Enquadramentos, Criminalização do protesto, Fluxo do sistema de justiça criminal, Processo criminal, Protesters, Frameworks, Criminalization of protest, Flow of the criminal justice system, Criminal process