Higienização das mãos como precaução sinestésica, por ininteligibilidade humana e institucional para o não aparente
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Data
2021-01-22
Autores
Bravin, Silvia Helena Meneguin
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Compreender a experiência interacional da equipe de enfermagem com a microbiota de suas mãos e com as mensagens para higienizá-las, por meio de cartazes nos cenários de trabalho, assim como elaborar modelo teórico representativo dessa experiência. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa, aprovada por Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. As entrevistas individuais foram audiogravadas e transcritas na íntegra. A saturação teórica deu-se a partir da análise da 17ª entrevista, à luz da Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados, com oito enfermeiros e nove técnicos de enfermagem, a maioria lotada em unidades de internação, com um ou mais anos de tempo de trabalho em hospital público de grande porte do estado de São Paulo. Interpretaram-se a experiência e o modelo teórico à luz dos referenciais teóricos: Interacionismo Simbólico, Teoria do Comportamento Planejado e Política Nacional de Humanização da Atenção e Gestão do SUS (HumanizaSUS). Resultados: As categorias identificadas e as relações teóricas estabelecidas possibilitaram o desenvolvimento de processo analítico e explicativo das ações e das interações que compõem a experiência, por três subprocessos: (a) concebendo o não aparente dos microrganismos de domínio psicossocial para a ininteligibilidade humana na higienização das mãos; (b) instituição hospitalar elevando a insensibilidade do não aparente; (c) despertando para a higienização das mãos e do ambiente por meio de sensações sensíveis. Mediante o realinhamento dos componentes que formaram esses subprocessos, pode-se descobrir uma categoria designada central que os abarca, constituindo, então, o processo da experiência, denominado: higienização das mãos como precaução sinestésica, por ininteligibilidade humana e institucional para o não aparente: experiência da equipe de enfermagem. Considerações finais: O modelo sinalizou o fenômeno ininteligibilidade humana para o não aparente como um dos maiores desafios psicossociais em arremeter a equipe de enfermagem à higienização das mãos, uma vez que esta é mais suscetível a realizá-la quando exposta a sensações sensíveis (sinestésicas), assim como apontou a própria instituição hospitalar/CCIRAS, elevando essa insensibilidade para o não aparente.
To understand the interactional experience of the nursing team with the microbiota of their hands and with the messages to clean them, through posters in work scenarios, as well as to develop a theoretical model which is representative of this experience. Method: Qualitative study approved by the Research Ethics Committee. The individual interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed in full. Theoretical saturation took place from the analysis of the 17th interview, in the light of the Grounded Theory, with eight nurses and nine nursing technicians, most of whom had been working in the inpatient units of a large public hospital in the state of São Paulo for one or more years. The experience and the theoretical model were interpreted in the light of the theoretical frameworks: Symbolic Interactionism, Theory of Planned Behavior and the National Policies for Humanization of Care and Management Practices at SUS (HumanizaSUS). Results: The identified categories and the established theoretical relationships enabled the development of an analytical and explanatory process of the actions and interactions that comprise the experience, by three subprocesses: (a) conceiving the non-apparent of microorganisms in the psychosocial domain for human unintelligibility in hand hygiene; (b) a hospital raising the insensitivity of the non-apparent; (c) awakening to hand and environment hygiene through sensitive sensations. Through the realignment of the components that formed these subprocesses, it is possible to discover a central designated category that encompasses them, thus constituting the process of experience, called: hand hygiene as a synesthetic precaution, in the face of human and institutional unintelligibility of the non-apparent: the experience of the nursing team. Concluding remarks: The model signaled the phenomenon of human unintelligibility of the non-apparent as one of the greatest psychosocial challenges in leading the nursing team to hand hygiene, once the nursing staff is more susceptible to perform it when exposed to sensitive sensations (synesthetic), as well as pointed out the fact that the hospital/Hospital Infection Control Committee raises such insensitivity to the non-apparent.
To understand the interactional experience of the nursing team with the microbiota of their hands and with the messages to clean them, through posters in work scenarios, as well as to develop a theoretical model which is representative of this experience. Method: Qualitative study approved by the Research Ethics Committee. The individual interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed in full. Theoretical saturation took place from the analysis of the 17th interview, in the light of the Grounded Theory, with eight nurses and nine nursing technicians, most of whom had been working in the inpatient units of a large public hospital in the state of São Paulo for one or more years. The experience and the theoretical model were interpreted in the light of the theoretical frameworks: Symbolic Interactionism, Theory of Planned Behavior and the National Policies for Humanization of Care and Management Practices at SUS (HumanizaSUS). Results: The identified categories and the established theoretical relationships enabled the development of an analytical and explanatory process of the actions and interactions that comprise the experience, by three subprocesses: (a) conceiving the non-apparent of microorganisms in the psychosocial domain for human unintelligibility in hand hygiene; (b) a hospital raising the insensitivity of the non-apparent; (c) awakening to hand and environment hygiene through sensitive sensations. Through the realignment of the components that formed these subprocesses, it is possible to discover a central designated category that encompasses them, thus constituting the process of experience, called: hand hygiene as a synesthetic precaution, in the face of human and institutional unintelligibility of the non-apparent: the experience of the nursing team. Concluding remarks: The model signaled the phenomenon of human unintelligibility of the non-apparent as one of the greatest psychosocial challenges in leading the nursing team to hand hygiene, once the nursing staff is more susceptible to perform it when exposed to sensitive sensations (synesthetic), as well as pointed out the fact that the hospital/Hospital Infection Control Committee raises such insensitivity to the non-apparent.
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Palavras-chave
Higiene das mãos, Equipe de enfermagem, Microbiota, Pesquisa qualitativa, Hand hygiene, Nursing team, Qualitative research