Propriedades da calda e seletividade de tratamentos com herbicidas para feijão-caupi “BRS Pujante”
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Data
2022-02-23
Autores
Joaquim Júnior, Carlos Zacarias
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Resumo: O feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata) é sensível à interferência de plantas daninhas. Devido à indisponibilidade de herbicidas seletivos para essa cultura, o controle de plantas daninhas tem sido realizado de forma manual e/ou mecânica. O objetivo foi de avaliar a seletividade dos herbicidas bentazone, fomesafen e imazethapyr isolados e em mistura para o feijão-caupi em uma e duas aplicações. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial de 7x2+1, com uma testemunha, em sete repetições. O primeiro fator correspondeu à aplicação dos herbicidas bentazone; fomesafen; imazethapyr; bentazone + fomesafen; bentazone + imazethapyr; fomesafen + imazethapyr; bentazone + fomesafen + imazethapyr, aplicados em pós-emergência. O segundo fator foi composto por uma e duas aplicações. Foram avaliados a fitointoxicação, altura de plantas, número de folhas, diâmetro do caule, aos 5, 10, 15, 20 e 35 dias após a aplicação (DAA) dos tratamentos. Também foram avaliados: número total de vagens por planta, comprimento médio da vagem, número médio de grãos por vagens, massa seca média da vagem, massa seca média de grãos por vagem e produtividade estimada no final do experimento. O fomesafen causou severa intoxicação no feijão-caupi. O imazethapyr e bentazone isolados e em mistura causaram menos intoxicação à cultura. Com duas aplicações de herbicidas, houve maior intoxicação no feijão-caupi em comparação a uma aplicação de herbicidas. A mistura de bentazone+fomesafen+imazethapyr mostrou-se seletiva para cultivar do feijão-caupi BRS-pujante, com uma aplicação.
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is sensitive to weed interference. Due to the unavailability of selective herbicides for this crop, weed control has been carried out manually and/or mechanically. The objective was to evaluate the selectivity of the herbicides bentazone, fomesafen and imazethapyr alone and in mixtures for cowpea in one and two applications. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, in a 7x2+1 factorial scheme, with a control, in seven replications. The first factor corresponded to the application of bentazone herbicides; fomesafen; imazethapyr; bentazone + fomesafen; bentazone + imazethapyr; fomesafen + imazethapyr; bentazone + fomesafen + imazethapyr, applied post-emergence. The second factor was composed of one and two applications. Phytotoxicity, plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter was evaluated at 5, 10, 15, 20 and 35 days after application (DAA) of the treatments. The following were also evaluated: total number of pods per plant, average length of pod, average number of grains per pod, average dry mass of pod, average dry mass of grains per pod and estimated yield at the end of the experiment. Fomesafen caused severe poisoning in cowpea. The imazethapyr and bentazone alone and in mixture caused less intoxication to the culture. With two herbicide applications, there was greater poisoning in cowpea compared to one herbicide application. The mixture of bentazone+fomesafen+imazethapyr proved to be selective for BRS-pujante cowpea cultivar, with one application.
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is sensitive to weed interference. Due to the unavailability of selective herbicides for this crop, weed control has been carried out manually and/or mechanically. The objective was to evaluate the selectivity of the herbicides bentazone, fomesafen and imazethapyr alone and in mixtures for cowpea in one and two applications. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, in a 7x2+1 factorial scheme, with a control, in seven replications. The first factor corresponded to the application of bentazone herbicides; fomesafen; imazethapyr; bentazone + fomesafen; bentazone + imazethapyr; fomesafen + imazethapyr; bentazone + fomesafen + imazethapyr, applied post-emergence. The second factor was composed of one and two applications. Phytotoxicity, plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter was evaluated at 5, 10, 15, 20 and 35 days after application (DAA) of the treatments. The following were also evaluated: total number of pods per plant, average length of pod, average number of grains per pod, average dry mass of pod, average dry mass of grains per pod and estimated yield at the end of the experiment. Fomesafen caused severe poisoning in cowpea. The imazethapyr and bentazone alone and in mixture caused less intoxication to the culture. With two herbicide applications, there was greater poisoning in cowpea compared to one herbicide application. The mixture of bentazone+fomesafen+imazethapyr proved to be selective for BRS-pujante cowpea cultivar, with one application.
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Palavras-chave
Tolerância, Feijão, Herbicidas