Uso de reguladores de crescimento para a superação da dormência e sua influência na brotação, no florescimento e na produção da amoreira-preta
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Data
2011-10-01
Autores
Segantini, Daniela Mota [UNESP]
Leonel, Sarita [UNESP]
Ripardo, Ana Karolina da Silva [UNESP]
Auricchio, Marcelo Garcia Ribeiro [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Fruticultura
Resumo
O presente trabalho foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental São Manuel, da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da UNESP, localizada no município de São Manuel-SP. Foram avaliadas amoreiras-pretas da cultivar Tupy com 1 ano de idade, conduzidas em quatro hastes, no sistema de espaldeira em T, com 1,2 metro de altura. O espaçamento utilizado foi de 0,6 m entre plantas x 4,0 metros entre linhas e a densidade de plantio de 4.166 plantas.ha-1. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com 4 repetições, 15 tratamentos, e a parcela experimental composta por duas plantas, rodeadas por bordadura. em 27 de julho de 2010, efetuaram-se a poda de produção e a quebra de dormência das plantas. Para tanto, foram testadas as seguintes doses de Dormex® (49% de cianamida hidrogenada): T1=0,0%; T2=1,5%,; T3=3,0%; T4=4,5%, e T5=6,0%, de Bioalho® (70% de extrato de alho): T6=0,0%; T7=2,0%; T8=4,0%; T9=6,0%, e T10=8,0% e de Stimulate® (0,005% de auxina, 0,005% de giberelina e 0,009% de citocinina): T11=0,0%; T12=2,0%; T13=4,0%; T14=6,0%, e T15=8,0% . Avaliaram-se a fenologia e a produtividade da amoreira-preta 'Tupy' em função dos reguladores e das doses utilizadas. A quebra de dormência efetuada com cianamida hidrogenada, nas doses de 3,0, 4,5% e 6,0%, antecipou e uniformizou a brotação e florescimento, além proporcionar os maiores valores de porcentagem de brotação e produtividade, sendo estas as melhores doses do regulador vegetal para cultura cultivada na região. Os tratamentos em que se utilizaram extrato de alho e Stimulate® apresentaram dados de brotação e produtividade muito inferiores, quando comparados aos apresentados pelos tratamentos em que se aplicou cianamida hidrogenada. Assim, fazem-se necessários novos estudos em busca de reguladores vegetais alternativos que sejam tão eficazes quanto à cianamida hidrogenada.
This research was conducted at the Experimental Farm of São Manuel School of Agricultural Sciences of UNESP, in São Manuel, SP, Brazil. One year-old blackberries 'Tupy', conducted in four arms, the T-trellis system with 1.2 meters high, were evaluated. The spacing used was 0,6 m x 4,0 m between plant lines and planting density of 4,166 plants ha-1. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications, 15 treatments and two plants per plot, surrounded by border. In July 2010, the production pruning and the dormancy breaking of the blackberries were performed. The following doses of Dormex ® (49% hydrogen cyanamide): T1 = 0,0%, T2 = 1,5%, T3 = 3,0%, T4 = 4,5% and T5=6,0%; of Bioalho ® (70% garlic extract): T6 = 0,0% =, T7 = 2,0 %, T8 = 4,0%, T9 = 6,0%, T10 = 8,0% and of Stimulate ® (0,005% of auxin, gibberellin 0,005% and 0,009% of cytokinin): T11 = 0,0%, T12 = 2,0%, T13 = 4,0%, T14 = 6,0% e T15 = 8,0%, were tested. The phenology and productivity of blackberry, 'Tupy' were assessed, according to the regulators and the doses. The breaking of dormancy performed with hydrogen cyanamide at doses of 3,0, 4,5% and 6,0% anticipate and standardized budding and flowering, and provided the highest percentage of germination and productivity, being the best doses of plant growth regulator for the crops cultivated in the region. The treatments with garlic extract and Stimulate ® presented budding and productivity much lower when compared to those achieved with the hydrogen cyanamide. Thus further studies are needed to find alternative plant growth regulators that are as effective as the hydrogen cyanamide.
This research was conducted at the Experimental Farm of São Manuel School of Agricultural Sciences of UNESP, in São Manuel, SP, Brazil. One year-old blackberries 'Tupy', conducted in four arms, the T-trellis system with 1.2 meters high, were evaluated. The spacing used was 0,6 m x 4,0 m between plant lines and planting density of 4,166 plants ha-1. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications, 15 treatments and two plants per plot, surrounded by border. In July 2010, the production pruning and the dormancy breaking of the blackberries were performed. The following doses of Dormex ® (49% hydrogen cyanamide): T1 = 0,0%, T2 = 1,5%, T3 = 3,0%, T4 = 4,5% and T5=6,0%; of Bioalho ® (70% garlic extract): T6 = 0,0% =, T7 = 2,0 %, T8 = 4,0%, T9 = 6,0%, T10 = 8,0% and of Stimulate ® (0,005% of auxin, gibberellin 0,005% and 0,009% of cytokinin): T11 = 0,0%, T12 = 2,0%, T13 = 4,0%, T14 = 6,0% e T15 = 8,0%, were tested. The phenology and productivity of blackberry, 'Tupy' were assessed, according to the regulators and the doses. The breaking of dormancy performed with hydrogen cyanamide at doses of 3,0, 4,5% and 6,0% anticipate and standardized budding and flowering, and provided the highest percentage of germination and productivity, being the best doses of plant growth regulator for the crops cultivated in the region. The treatments with garlic extract and Stimulate ® presented budding and productivity much lower when compared to those achieved with the hydrogen cyanamide. Thus further studies are needed to find alternative plant growth regulators that are as effective as the hydrogen cyanamide.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Rubus sp, quebra de dormência, reguladores vegetais, fenologia, produção, Rubus sp, break dormancy, plant growth regulators, phenology, production
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura. Sociedade Brasileira de Fruticultura, v. 33, n. spe1, p. 275-280, 2011.