Fontes e doses de nitrogênio na nutrição, produção e qualidade do feijoeiro
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Data
2011-02-25
Autores
Cardoso, Susiane de Moura [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O feijoeiro comum (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) possui grande importância para a dieta diária dos brasileiros por sua rica composição. O feijão possui uma ampla adaptação aos mais variados climas mesmo sendo sensível a condições extremas de ambiente. Possui alta exigência em minerais e principalmente em nitrogênio, sendo este o nutriente mais exigido e absorvido pela planta do feijoeiro, o qual influência diretamente na produção de grãos por fazer parte da formação de proteínas. Desta forma o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito das fontes e doses de nitrogênio na nutrição e produção do feijoeiro, bem como na qualidade dos grãos produzido e quantificar N-NH3 volatilizado das fontes nitrogenadas utilizadas. O experimento foi conduzido em um túnel plástico do Departamento de Recursos Naturais/ Ciência do Solo, FCA/UNESP, Botucatu/SP, utilizando-se vasos com capacidade de 40 litros de solo. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso, com dezesseis tratamentos e cinco repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de três doses de N adicionados em cobertura ao feijoeiro via solo (100, 200 e 300 mg dm-3), e cinco fontes de N (uréia, sulfato de amônio, nitrato de cálcio, nitrato de amônio e fertilizante organomineral: co-produto do glutamato monosódico), além de uma testemunha sem adubação nitrogenada em cobertura. Os maiores teores de N nas folhas de feijão foram obtidos com a maior dose utilizada 300 mg dm-3 de N aplicado no solo, e as fontes que proporcionaram maiores teores foram sulfato de amônio e ajifer. As diferentes fontes de N utilizadas modificaram os teores de Ca, Mg, Cu , Mn e Zn e o aumento das doses de N promoveu incremento nos teores de Ca, Mg, B, Cu, e Mn. Modificaram também os componentes de produção, os quais não foram influenciados pelas diferentes fontes de N utilizadas. Os índices relativos de clorofila...
The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), because of its rich nutritional composition, it has considerable importance to Brazilians daily diet. Bean has a wide adaptation to a variety of climates even being sensitive to extreme environment conditions. It has high demand in minerals and especially in nitrogen, which is the most required nutrient and the most absorbed by the bean plant; the nitrogen has a direct influence in the production of the grain, aimly for being part of the synthesis of proteins. Thus the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the nitrogen sources and its dosages on nutrition, yield and the quality of the bean grains and quantify the volatilization of nitrogen sources used. The experiment was carried out in a plastic tunnel of the Department of Natural Resources / Soil Science, FCA / UNESP, Botucatu, using 40 liters vessels. The experimental design was randomized in blocks with sixteen treatments and five repetitions. The treatments consisted of three rates of N added on covering in the soil (100, 200 and 300 mg dm-3), five N sources (urea, ammonium sulphate, calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate and biofertilizer : co-product of monosodium glutamate), and the control without nitrogen on covering. The highest levels of N were obtained with the higher dose 300 mg dm-3 N applied to soil, and the sources that provided the highest levels were ammonium sulfate and Ajifer. Different nitrogen sources have modified the Ca, Mg, Cu and Mn and increased rates of N increase in Ca, Mg, B, Cu, Mn and Zn. Also modified the components of production, which were not affected by different nitrogen sources. Indices of chlorophyll in the leaf of some beans, positively correlated with total... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), because of its rich nutritional composition, it has considerable importance to Brazilians daily diet. Bean has a wide adaptation to a variety of climates even being sensitive to extreme environment conditions. It has high demand in minerals and especially in nitrogen, which is the most required nutrient and the most absorbed by the bean plant; the nitrogen has a direct influence in the production of the grain, aimly for being part of the synthesis of proteins. Thus the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the nitrogen sources and its dosages on nutrition, yield and the quality of the bean grains and quantify the volatilization of nitrogen sources used. The experiment was carried out in a plastic tunnel of the Department of Natural Resources / Soil Science, FCA / UNESP, Botucatu, using 40 liters vessels. The experimental design was randomized in blocks with sixteen treatments and five repetitions. The treatments consisted of three rates of N added on covering in the soil (100, 200 and 300 mg dm-3), five N sources (urea, ammonium sulphate, calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate and biofertilizer : co-product of monosodium glutamate), and the control without nitrogen on covering. The highest levels of N were obtained with the higher dose 300 mg dm-3 N applied to soil, and the sources that provided the highest levels were ammonium sulfate and Ajifer. Different nitrogen sources have modified the Ca, Mg, Cu and Mn and increased rates of N increase in Ca, Mg, B, Cu, Mn and Zn. Also modified the components of production, which were not affected by different nitrogen sources. Indices of chlorophyll in the leaf of some beans, positively correlated with total... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Feijão - Produção, Plantas - Efeito do nitrogenio, Plantas - Nutrição, Adubos e fertilizantes - Aplicação, Phaseolus vulgaris, Nitrogen, Fertilization, Clorofilog
Como citar
CARDOSO, Susiane de Moura. Fontes e doses de nitrogênio na nutrição, produção e qualidade do feijoeiro. 2011. ix, 65 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2011.