Caracterização física e química do solo e avaliação do desenvolvimento de plantas de eucalipto em função do espaçamento e da adubação, visando a colheita precoce para utilização em bioenergia
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Data
2010-06-18
Autores
Garcia, Éder Aparecido [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O efeito dos espaçamentos (A) 2,8 x 0,5 m, (B) 2,8 x 1,0 m, (C) 2,8 x 1,5 m, (D) 2,8 x 2,0 m e (E) 2,8 x 2,5 m com três níveis de adubação (1=sub-dose; 2=dose da empresa* e 3=superdose) realizados no plantio e aos 60, 140 e 360 dias de idade, no crescimento de clones de Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla, em área de Latossolo vermelho amarelo textura média, foi avaliado neste trabalho por meio de inventário contínuo que consistiu em medições mensais de altura total, diâmetro da base e DAP (diâmetro a altura do peito). Um estudo de caracterização da área experimental foi feito com utilização das análises descritivas e de variância e da geoestatistica dos atributos químicos do solo e da resistência à penetração. Os valores médios de resistência a penetração, por faixa de profundidade, denominados índices de cone, foram obtidos nas faixas de 0-20 e de 20-40 cm, com forte grau de dependência espacial, independente da profundidade. Outros atributos físicos do solo foram avaliados,sendo: densidade do solo, densidade de partículas, porosidade total e textura do solo. Não houve diferença significativa para a porosidade total apesar de, na camada de 0-30 cm, ter ocorrido uma maior acomodação de partículas do solo por causa do manejo e das atividades de colheita e extração florestal. Um estudo da variabilidade espacial de micronutrientes, macronutrientes, acidez, matéria orgânica, dentre outros, nas profundidades de 0-20 e 20-40 cm, foi realizado pois todos estes fatores edáficos podem influenciar nos tratamentos; apenas a matéria orgânica (0-20cm), Mg (20-40cm), CTC (em ambas profundidades), B, Mn e Zn, estes últimos na faixa de 20 a 40 cm, apresentaram validação positiva dos modelos de semivariograma e resultaram interpolação. Os teores de macronutrientes foram considerados, em sua maioria, baixos para a cultura do eucalipto...
The effect of spacement (A) 2.8 x 0.5 m, (B) 2.8 x 1.0 m, (C) 2.8 x 1.5 m, (D) 2.8 x 2.0 m (E) 2.8 x 2.5 m with three levels of fertilization (1 = subdose, 2 = standard dose and 3 = overdose) performed during the planting season and at 60, 140 and 360 days after planting clones of Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla, in a Oxisol soil with medium texture, were evaluated in this study using continuous inventory which consisted of monthly height measurements, base diameter and DBH (diameter at breast height). A characterization study of the experimental area was done with use of descriptive analysis and variance and geostatistics of soil chemical properties and soil penetration resistance. The soil resistance average values by layer - soil cone index - were higher in the ranges of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm, with a strong spatial dependence degree, regardless depth. Other soil physical properties were evaluated: soil density, particle density, total porosity and soil texture. There was no significant difference although the total porosity in the layer of 0-30 cm have shown a greater accommodation of soil particles due to the management and harvest and forest extraction. A study of spatial variability of micronutrients, macronutrients, acidity, organic matter, among others, at 0-20 and 20-40 cm, was done in order to understand how that all these edaphic factors may interfere the treatments; only the organic matter (0-20 cm), Mg (20-40 cm), CTC (both depths), B, Mn and Zn (20-40 cm), showed positive validation with semivariogram models and interpolation. Macronutrient contents were considered mostly low for the eucalyptus crop. The interaction between spacing and fertilization was assessed by simple linear regression to compare the fertilization rates in each spacement used, moreover, monthly tables were interpreted in terms of basal area (m²/ha) and total height (m). The periodic increment... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The effect of spacement (A) 2.8 x 0.5 m, (B) 2.8 x 1.0 m, (C) 2.8 x 1.5 m, (D) 2.8 x 2.0 m (E) 2.8 x 2.5 m with three levels of fertilization (1 = subdose, 2 = standard dose and 3 = overdose) performed during the planting season and at 60, 140 and 360 days after planting clones of Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla, in a Oxisol soil with medium texture, were evaluated in this study using continuous inventory which consisted of monthly height measurements, base diameter and DBH (diameter at breast height). A characterization study of the experimental area was done with use of descriptive analysis and variance and geostatistics of soil chemical properties and soil penetration resistance. The soil resistance average values by layer - soil cone index - were higher in the ranges of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm, with a strong spatial dependence degree, regardless depth. Other soil physical properties were evaluated: soil density, particle density, total porosity and soil texture. There was no significant difference although the total porosity in the layer of 0-30 cm have shown a greater accommodation of soil particles due to the management and harvest and forest extraction. A study of spatial variability of micronutrients, macronutrients, acidity, organic matter, among others, at 0-20 and 20-40 cm, was done in order to understand how that all these edaphic factors may interfere the treatments; only the organic matter (0-20 cm), Mg (20-40 cm), CTC (both depths), B, Mn and Zn (20-40 cm), showed positive validation with semivariogram models and interpolation. Macronutrient contents were considered mostly low for the eucalyptus crop. The interaction between spacing and fertilization was assessed by simple linear regression to compare the fertilization rates in each spacement used, moreover, monthly tables were interpreted in terms of basal area (m²/ha) and total height (m). The periodic increment... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Florestas, Eucalipto, Adubação
Como citar
GARCIA, Éder Aparecido. Caracterização física e química do solo e avaliação do desenvolvimento de plantas de eucalipto em função do espaçamento e da adubação, visando a colheita precoce para utilização em bioenergia. 2010. xiii, 98 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2010.