Demanda energética no processo de ensilagem de milho
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Data
2007-01-19
Autores
Seki, André Satoshi [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o consumo energético das operações mecanizadas envolvidas na produção de silagem de planta inteira e grão úmido de milho, tendo como referência o processamento seco deste cereal cultivado em sistema de plantio direto. O ensaio foi conduzido no ano agrícola 2005/2006, na Fazenda Experimental Lageado, pertencente à Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas - UNESP, localizada no município de Botucatu - SP, na região centro oeste do Estado de São Paulo. O processo de ensilagem foi conduzido na mesma fazenda experimental, nas instalações pertencentes à Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia - UNESP - Campus de Botucatu-SP. Os tratamentos foram relacionados a época de colheita da cultura do milho, e foram divididos da seguinte forma: silagem de planta inteira (cento e treze dias após a emergência), silagem de grão úmido (cento e quarenta e sete dias após a emergência) e colheita de grãos secos (cento e setenta dias após a emergência). No experimento, o delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso com parcelas subdivididas no tempo (três épocas de colheita: silagem de planta inteira, silagem de grãos úmidos e colheita de grãos secos), com 10 repetições. Cada parcela experimental possuía 50 m de comprimento e 10 m de largura, perfazendo área de 500 mø. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas através do programa ESTAT, pelo teste de média de Tukey a 5 % de probabilidade. A silagem de planta inteira teve o maior consumo de combustível por área, mas permite o produtor antecipar em 63 dias o plantio e desenvolvimento da cultura sucessora e a maximização da utilização da terra mesmo em condições edafoclimáticas desfavoráveis em razão da distribuição irregular de precipitação. A secagem dos grãos de 15,5 % para 13% foi responsável por 87% do gasto de energia por área. A silagem de grão úmido demandou...
This work aims to evaluate the energy consumption of the mechanized operations involved in silage production of entire plant and humid maize, having as reference the dry processing of this cereal cultivated in no tillage. The trial was carried out in agricultural year 2005/2006, on Lageado Experimental Farm of the Agronomy School, UNESP, in Botucatu, in the center western region of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. The ensilage process was lead on the Education Research and Production Farm, of the Veterinary School of - UNESP - Botucatu Campus, Brazil. The treatments are related to the harvest time of the maize, and divided as follows: ensilage of the entire plant (one hundred and thirteen days after emergence), ensilage of humid grain (one hundred and forty and seven days after emergence) and harvest of dry grains (one hundred and seventy days after emergence). In the trial, the experimental design was in bands with parts subdivided in time (three times of harvest: silage of entire plant, silage of humid grains and harvest of dry grains), with 10 repetitions. Each experimental unit was 50m long and 10m wide, amounting to 500 m ø. The statistical analyses were performed with ESTAT software, and Tukey test at 5% of probability. The plant silage completes had the largest consumption of fuel for area, but it allows the producer to advance even in 63 days the planting and the culture successor's development and the best use of the use of the earth in conditions unfavorable climatic in reason of the irregular distribution of precipitation. The drying of the grains of 15,5% for 13% was responsible for 87% of the expense of energy for area. The silage of... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
This work aims to evaluate the energy consumption of the mechanized operations involved in silage production of entire plant and humid maize, having as reference the dry processing of this cereal cultivated in no tillage. The trial was carried out in agricultural year 2005/2006, on Lageado Experimental Farm of the Agronomy School, UNESP, in Botucatu, in the center western region of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. The ensilage process was lead on the Education Research and Production Farm, of the Veterinary School of - UNESP - Botucatu Campus, Brazil. The treatments are related to the harvest time of the maize, and divided as follows: ensilage of the entire plant (one hundred and thirteen days after emergence), ensilage of humid grain (one hundred and forty and seven days after emergence) and harvest of dry grains (one hundred and seventy days after emergence). In the trial, the experimental design was in bands with parts subdivided in time (three times of harvest: silage of entire plant, silage of humid grains and harvest of dry grains), with 10 repetitions. Each experimental unit was 50m long and 10m wide, amounting to 500 m ø. The statistical analyses were performed with ESTAT software, and Tukey test at 5% of probability. The plant silage completes had the largest consumption of fuel for area, but it allows the producer to advance even in 63 days the planting and the culture successor's development and the best use of the use of the earth in conditions unfavorable climatic in reason of the irregular distribution of precipitation. The drying of the grains of 15,5% for 13% was responsible for 87% of the expense of energy for area. The silage of... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Milho como ração, Forragem, Ensilagem, Análise energética, Ensilage, Corn as feed
Como citar
SEKI, André Satoshi. Demanda energética no processo de ensilagem de milho. 2007. xiii, 101 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2007.