Os pressupostos do debate intelectual entre Floresta Fernandes e Guerreiro Ramos: duas versões de teoria crítica da sociedade brasileira?
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Data
2010-04-09
Autores
Shiota, Ricardo Ramos [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Esta dissertação parte da ideia de que a sociologia não tem como evitar a orientação crítica, em certo grau, pensando-a de modo similar ao arcabouço delimitado por Horkheimer no texto Teoria Tradicional e Teoria Crítica. Nele, o autor consagra o conceito de teoria crítica numa acepção peculiar à Alemanha de 1937, mas, também, avança em direção a uma maneira de construir teorias críticas em três dimensões articuladas: formulação teórica (normativa), diagnósticos de tempo e projeção das possibilidades de transformação com seus respectivos sujeitos. Nessa perspectiva, poder-se-ia empregar o termo “teoria crítica” em outros contextos e disciplinas das ciências sociais desde que seja identificado o vínculo do pensamento à história. Este vínculo depende da elaboração de diagnósticos de tempo, pelos intelectuais, em vista da superação de obstáculos e dilemas da sociedade por meio de um comportamento teórico-normativo, cujos conhecimentos resultantes são destinados aos sujeitos potenciais da transformação social. Apesar de destoarem da formulação de teoria crítica, inicialmente proposta por Horkheimer, em virtude de diferenças fundamentais de contexto situacional e de filiações intelectuais distintas, Guerreiros Ramos e Florestan Fernandes envolveram-se em questões de seu tempo e revelaram alguns dos obstáculos e dilemas latentes ao processo de revolução capitalista brasileiro. Do mesmo modo, eles tentaram oferecer soluções para os problemas histórico-sociais a partir do que acreditavam ser uma sociedade mais democrática e menos heterônoma. O debate entre os sociólogos é interpretado, nesta dissertação, por meio dos “modelos críticos” subjacentes às suas publicações nos anos 40 e 50 do século XX. O modelo crítico refere-se às elaborações teóricas, diagnósticos de tempo...
This dissertation starts from the idea that the sociology can´t avoid, up to a certain point, the critique orientation, having a general likeness to the framework circumscribed by Horkheiner in Teoria Tradicional e Teoria Crítica. In this text, the author consecrates the concept in a sense peculiar to 1937´s Germany, but also goes toward a way to compose critical theories in three articulated dimensions: theoretical formulation (normative), time diagnosis and transformation possibilities projection with the respective agents. From this perspective, one would use the term “critical theory” in other contexts and in social sciences disciplines as soon as identified the link between thought and history. This link depends on the time diagnosis elaboration, by intellectuals, in view of to hurdle obstacles and society´s dilemmas through a normative-theoretic conduct, which resultant knowledges are destinated to potencial social transformation agents. In despite of differing to the critique theory formulation initially proposed by Horkheimer, because of the basics differences of situation context and distincts intellectual filiations, Guerreiro Ramos and Florestan Fernandes have been involved in their times questions and bring out some of the obstacles and dilemmas latents to the Brazilian capitalist revolution process. In the same way, they tried to offer solutions to the social-historical problems starting from what they believed to be a fair and square society. The debate between the sociologists is read, in this dissertation, through “critical models” subjacent to the publications produced in 40´s and 50´s of the last century. The critical model is relative to theorist elaborations, time diagnosis and different perspectives used by each one to confer a critique orientation to the sociology, to think in a sociologic way or to know... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
This dissertation starts from the idea that the sociology can´t avoid, up to a certain point, the critique orientation, having a general likeness to the framework circumscribed by Horkheiner in Teoria Tradicional e Teoria Crítica. In this text, the author consecrates the concept in a sense peculiar to 1937´s Germany, but also goes toward a way to compose critical theories in three articulated dimensions: theoretical formulation (normative), time diagnosis and transformation possibilities projection with the respective agents. From this perspective, one would use the term “critical theory” in other contexts and in social sciences disciplines as soon as identified the link between thought and history. This link depends on the time diagnosis elaboration, by intellectuals, in view of to hurdle obstacles and society´s dilemmas through a normative-theoretic conduct, which resultant knowledges are destinated to potencial social transformation agents. In despite of differing to the critique theory formulation initially proposed by Horkheimer, because of the basics differences of situation context and distincts intellectual filiations, Guerreiro Ramos and Florestan Fernandes have been involved in their times questions and bring out some of the obstacles and dilemmas latents to the Brazilian capitalist revolution process. In the same way, they tried to offer solutions to the social-historical problems starting from what they believed to be a fair and square society. The debate between the sociologists is read, in this dissertation, through “critical models” subjacent to the publications produced in 40´s and 50´s of the last century. The critical model is relative to theorist elaborations, time diagnosis and different perspectives used by each one to confer a critique orientation to the sociology, to think in a sociologic way or to know... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ramos, Guerreiro, 1915-1982, Fernandes, Florestan, 1920-1995, Sociologia - Brasil, Intelectuais - Brasil, Sociology - Brazil
Como citar
SHIOTA, Ricardo Ramos. Os pressupostos do debate intelectual entre Floresta Fernandes e Guerreiro Ramos: duas versões de teoria crítica da sociedade brasileira?. 2010. 259 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências de Marília, 2010.