Farklı ısınma protokollerinin sporcu performansına akut etkileri
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Date
2017-01-06
Authors
Topçu, Hüseyin
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu araştırmanın amacı, farklı ısınma protokollerinin elit sporcuların performansı üzerine akut etkilerinin incelenmesidir. Materyal ve Metot: Araştırmanın denek grubu, Uludağ Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi'nde eğitim hayatına devam eden ve çeşitli liglerde en az yedi yıldır futbol oynayan ve son altı ay içerisinde herhangi bir sakatlık geçirmemiş (ortalama boy 175.30 ± 6.59 cm, yaş 21.35 ± 1.66 yıl ve vücut ağırlığı 66.66 ± 7.49 kg) olan 20 erkek gönüllü öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Deneklere 24 saat arayla üç farklı ısınma protokolü uygulanmıştır. Bunlar, (1) germe egzersizleri protokolü (GEP), (2) pliometrik egzersizler protokolü (PEP) ve (3) süspansiyon egzersizler protokolünden (SEP) oluşmaktadır. Denekler her ısınma protokolünden önce 5 dakika genel ısınma yapmış ve hemen sonrasında ön testler yapılmıştır. Isınma protokolünün uygulanmasından hemen sonra da son test yapılmıştır. Deneklere ön ve son test olarak statik denge, dikey sıçrama, 30 metre sürat, reaksiyon ve esneklik testleri uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizi için SPSS 22.0 for Windows programı kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin karşılaştırılması Paired-Samples T testi ile yapılmıştır. Anlamlılık düzeyi p<0.05 olarak kabul edilmiştir. Bulgular: Ön test ve son test verilerinin analizi sonucunda, statik denge testinde üç protokolde de anlamlı bir fark tespit edilmemiştir (p<0.05). Dikey sıçrama testi incelendiğinde, GEP'te istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir gerileme tespit edilirken, PEP ve SEP'te bir fark tespit edilmemiştir (p<0.05). Reaksiyon değerleri incelendiğinde üç protokolde de anlamlı bir fark tespit edilmemiştir (p<0.05). Sürat değerleri incelendiğinde, GEP'te istatistiksel olarak anlamlı gerileme, PEP ve SEP'te anlamlı gelişme tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). Esneklik değerleri incelendiğinde üç protokolde de istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir gelişme olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). Sonuç: GEP'te anaerobik güç ve sürat testlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı gerileme, esneklikte anlamlı gelişme görülmüştür. PEP ve SEP'te sürat ve esneklik değerlerinde anlamlı gelişme görülmüştür. Çıkan sonuçlara göre sıçrama ve sürat gerektiren sporlarda pliometrik ve süspansiyon egzersizlerle yapılan ısınmaların, esneklik gerektiren sporlarda da germe egzersizlerinin de dâhil edildiği ısınmaların daha faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
The aim of present study was to investigate the acute effects of different warm-up protocols on elite athlete's performance. Materials and Methods: Subject group of the study was consisted of twenty volunteer male students from Uludag University Sport Sciences Faculty who have been playing soccer at various leagues for at least seven years and those who have had no injury for last six months. Three different warm-up methods were applied to the subjects at 24 hours intervals. These were (1) stretching exercises protocol (SEP), plyometric exercises protocol (PEP) and suspension exercises protocol (SUEP). Subjects performed general warm up during 5 minutes and after then pre-tests were measured before each warm up protocol. After each warm up protocol, post-tests were measured. All subjects were tested on static balance, vertical jump, 30 m. sprint, reaction time and flexibility performances. All data were analyzed using Paired Sample T-tests using SPSS Statistics v.22 (Chicago, IL, USA), and significance was set at an alpha level of 0.05. Results: As a result of analysis of test data, no significant difference was detected in the static balance test in the three protocols (p<0.05). When the vertical jump test (anaerobic power test) results were analyzed, whilst a statistically significant decrease was detected in SEP, no difference was detected in PEP and SUEP (p<0.05). When the reaction time test results were analyzed, no difference was detected in the three protocols (p<0.05). When the speed test results were analyzed, a statistically significant decrease in SEP and statistically significant increase in PEP and SUAP were detected (p<0.05). When the flexibility test results were analyzed, a statistically significant increase was detected in the three protocols (p<0.05). Conclusion: A statistically significant decrease in the values of anaerobic power and speed, significant improvement in flexibility was observed in GEP. A significant improvement was observed in the values of speed and flexibility in PEP and SEP. According to the results, in sports that require speed and jumping, whilst plyometric and suspension warm up exercises are thought to be beneficial, in sports that require flexibility, the inclusion of static stretching to these exercises is thought to be beneficial.
The aim of present study was to investigate the acute effects of different warm-up protocols on elite athlete's performance. Materials and Methods: Subject group of the study was consisted of twenty volunteer male students from Uludag University Sport Sciences Faculty who have been playing soccer at various leagues for at least seven years and those who have had no injury for last six months. Three different warm-up methods were applied to the subjects at 24 hours intervals. These were (1) stretching exercises protocol (SEP), plyometric exercises protocol (PEP) and suspension exercises protocol (SUEP). Subjects performed general warm up during 5 minutes and after then pre-tests were measured before each warm up protocol. After each warm up protocol, post-tests were measured. All subjects were tested on static balance, vertical jump, 30 m. sprint, reaction time and flexibility performances. All data were analyzed using Paired Sample T-tests using SPSS Statistics v.22 (Chicago, IL, USA), and significance was set at an alpha level of 0.05. Results: As a result of analysis of test data, no significant difference was detected in the static balance test in the three protocols (p<0.05). When the vertical jump test (anaerobic power test) results were analyzed, whilst a statistically significant decrease was detected in SEP, no difference was detected in PEP and SUEP (p<0.05). When the reaction time test results were analyzed, no difference was detected in the three protocols (p<0.05). When the speed test results were analyzed, a statistically significant decrease in SEP and statistically significant increase in PEP and SUAP were detected (p<0.05). When the flexibility test results were analyzed, a statistically significant increase was detected in the three protocols (p<0.05). Conclusion: A statistically significant decrease in the values of anaerobic power and speed, significant improvement in flexibility was observed in GEP. A significant improvement was observed in the values of speed and flexibility in PEP and SEP. According to the results, in sports that require speed and jumping, whilst plyometric and suspension warm up exercises are thought to be beneficial, in sports that require flexibility, the inclusion of static stretching to these exercises is thought to be beneficial.
Description
Keywords
Isınma, Denge, Sürat, Reaksiyon, Esneklik, Warm up, Balance, Speed, Reaction, Flexibility
Citation
Topçu, H. (2017). Farklı ısınma protokollerinin sporcu performansına akut etkileri. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü.