Política de reabilitação de centros urbanos: uma análise do programa de reabilitação de áreas urbanas centrais

Abstract

Urban renewal is a key factor to change the worrying scenario of significant housing shortage, according with Ministério das Cidades, furthermore there are millions of unoccupied real estate in urban centers. The rehabilitation of central city areas through the recovery of underutilized real estate promotes the democratic use and occupation of urban centers; provides access to housing while retaining and attracting people from different social classes, especially the low income, stimulates diversity and functional complementarity because it recovers economic activities and preserves the cultural and environmental heritage. The prospect of a rehabilitation policy began with the creation of Ministério das Cidades and the establishment of Reabilitação de ÁreasUrbanasCentrais program, included in the Federal Government's program and the Plano Plurianual. The systematic consolidation of Plano Plurianual, the improvement of administrative controls in the ministries in order to evaluate the program performance, in the mid- 1990s, has created in the country a bigger interest for indicators and their application in activities related to planning and evaluation of public policies. The systematic, continuous and effective evaluation is a fundamental tool to achieve better results and provide better application and control of the funds invested in them, providing important data for the design of a consistent policy and allowing a effective public management. In this context, the selected object of study was the Programa de Reabilitação de ÁreasUrbanasCentrais- PRAUC, implemented from 2004 to 2011. The research objectives were i) understand the National Politics on rehabilitation of central urban areas; ii) comprehend the role of indicators to evaluate public policies; iii) analyze the Programa de Reabilitação de ÁreasUrbanasCentrais PRAUC; iv) assess the adequacy of the indicators related to the objectives of PRAUC. This dissertation is supported by a research of applied nature, is categorized as exploratory and descriptive, which enables the understanding of the national policy for urban renewal and the PRAUC analyses using as reference the rehabilitation of urban centers and indicators and manuals and reports from Ministério das Cidades. The research results shows that in addition to lack of resources there are other difficulties to implement a policy of urban centers renew. Our understanding, shared here, is the existence of an ambiguity between politics and the rehabilitation program for inner city areas concerning the actions modalities and the proposed indicators. In order to ensure an effective evaluation of public policies it is required a review of the proposed indicators.