Contexto legal brasileiro, políticas públicas e cárie precoce da infância: um estudo com crianças de cinco anos de idade

Abstract

The Brazilian state, the family and society must, by law, to promote solidarity, full and dignified to the child development conditions. However, sporting regulations does not guarantee the result. The Ministry of Health conducted epidemiological surveys of oral health, SB 2003 and SB Brazil Brazil 2010 and showed that the prevalence of dental caries, age five, little reduced (6%) in seven years and the decayed component, responsible for more than 80% of the total dmft index (decayed, missing and filled by deciduous tooth). The sample was representative for the country and for macro-regions. The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of dental caries five-year, on two occasions, in 2003 and 2010, linking it to public policy, socioeconomic status and health services in the Brazilian regions. This thesis is arranged in three transverse articles, the latest ecological and compound. Article 1 evaluated the prevalence of dental caries seeking to identify aspects that may be hindering its reduction. The dependent variable was the prevalence of dental caries (n = 7.217) and the independent were organized into individual level (SB Brazil 2010) and contextual (IBGE, DATASUS). Multilevel models Poisson regression analysis were used. Article 2 evaluated the dental-care Care Index (dependent variable) in oral health services in 2010. The independent variables were organized in individual and contextual factors (SB Brazil 2010, IBGE , DATASUS). They were made descriptive analysis, cluster and Spearman correlation. Article 3 assessed the prevalence of dental caries in 2003 and 2010 correlating the living conditions, socioeconomic status and health conditions that were in force in this interstitial Brazilian regions. Exploratory analysis and Pearson correlation between oral health indicators (dependent variables) and independent was made. Living conditions were assessed by home schooling, householders mothers, attendance at preschool and coverage of Bolsa Família; socioeconomic been PEA, GINI and HDI; the health conditions were ESF covers, ESB and treated water, in addition to fluoridated water. In Brazil, the prevalence of children with caries at age five is high and persistent, and receive less restorative care. It is pressing the realignment of public policy on oral health with clear rules and responsibilities, controlled by indicators and targets and intersectoral scope for the recovery of oral health in this group and, pari passu, to foster educational and preventive actions no less necessary. Living conditions, socioeconomic and the current health, between 2003 and 2010, explain much of the oral health indicators in the context of inter-regional inequalities.