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Abstract
Preterm birth is a universal health problem that is one of the largest unmet medical needs contributing to the global burden of disease. Adding to its complexity is that there are no means to predict who is at risk when pregnancy begins or when women will actually deliver. Until these problems are addressed, there will be no interventions to reduce the risk because those who should be treated will not be known. Considerable evidence now exists that chronic life, generational or accumulated stress is a risk factor for preterm delivery in animal models and in women. This wear and tear on the body and mind is called allostatic load. This review explores the evidence that chronic stress contributes to preterm birth and other adverse pregnancy outcomes in animal and human studies. It explores how allostatic load can be used to, firstly, model stress and preterm birth in animal models and, secondly, how it can be used to develop a predictive model to assess relative risk among women in early pregnancy. Once care providers know who is in the highest risk group, interventions can be developed and applied to mitigate their risk.
Keywords
11-BETA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE TYPE-2, EPIGENETIC, TRANSGENERATIONAL INHERITANCE, 2-HIT HYPOTHESIS, WEIGHT INFANTS, CHRONIC, STRESS, PREGNANCY, DISEASE, OUTCOMES, HEALTH, MEDIATORS, allostatic load, allostasis, chronic stress, preterm birth, inflammation, two hits, multiple hit hypothesis, adverse pregnancy, outcomes

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Citation

Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:

MLA
Olson, David M., et al. “Allostatic Load and Preterm Birth.” INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES, vol. 16, no. 12, 2015, pp. 29856–74, doi:10.3390/ijms161226209.
APA
Olson, D. M., Severson, E. M., Verstraeten, B., Ng, J. W., McCreary, J. K., & Metz, G. A. (2015). Allostatic load and preterm birth. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES, 16(12), 29856–29874. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms161226209
Chicago author-date
Olson, David M, Emily M Severson, Barbara Verstraeten, Jane WY Ng, J Keiko McCreary, and Gerlinde AS Metz. 2015. “Allostatic Load and Preterm Birth.” INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES 16 (12): 29856–74. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms161226209.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Olson, David M, Emily M Severson, Barbara Verstraeten, Jane WY Ng, J Keiko McCreary, and Gerlinde AS Metz. 2015. “Allostatic Load and Preterm Birth.” INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES 16 (12): 29856–29874. doi:10.3390/ijms161226209.
Vancouver
1.
Olson DM, Severson EM, Verstraeten B, Ng JW, McCreary JK, Metz GA. Allostatic load and preterm birth. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES. 2015;16(12):29856–74.
IEEE
[1]
D. M. Olson, E. M. Severson, B. Verstraeten, J. W. Ng, J. K. McCreary, and G. A. Metz, “Allostatic load and preterm birth,” INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES, vol. 16, no. 12, pp. 29856–29874, 2015.
@article{8500471,
  abstract     = {{Preterm birth is a universal health problem that is one of the largest unmet medical needs contributing to the global burden of disease. Adding to its complexity is that there are no means to predict who is at risk when pregnancy begins or when women will actually deliver. Until these problems are addressed, there will be no interventions to reduce the risk because those who should be treated will not be known. Considerable evidence now exists that chronic life, generational or accumulated stress is a risk factor for preterm delivery in animal models and in women. This wear and tear on the body and mind is called allostatic load. This review explores the evidence that chronic stress contributes to preterm birth and other adverse pregnancy outcomes in animal and human studies. It explores how allostatic load can be used to, firstly, model stress and preterm birth in animal models and, secondly, how it can be used to develop a predictive model to assess relative risk among women in early pregnancy. Once care providers know who is in the highest risk group, interventions can be developed and applied to mitigate their risk.}},
  author       = {{Olson, David M and Severson, Emily M and Verstraeten, Barbara and Ng, Jane WY and McCreary, J Keiko and Metz, Gerlinde AS}},
  issn         = {{1422-0067}},
  journal      = {{INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES}},
  keywords     = {{11-BETA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE TYPE-2,EPIGENETIC,TRANSGENERATIONAL INHERITANCE,2-HIT HYPOTHESIS,WEIGHT INFANTS,CHRONIC,STRESS,PREGNANCY,DISEASE,OUTCOMES,HEALTH,MEDIATORS,allostatic load,allostasis,chronic stress,preterm birth,inflammation,two hits,multiple hit hypothesis,adverse pregnancy,outcomes}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{12}},
  pages        = {{29856--29874}},
  title        = {{Allostatic load and preterm birth}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.3390/ijms161226209}},
  volume       = {{16}},
  year         = {{2015}},
}

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