@article{8690178,
  abstract     = {{There are large between- and within-country variations in COVID-19 death rates. Some very low death rate settings such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, the Balkans and Africa have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods whose intake is associated with the activation of the Nrf2 (Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) anti-oxidant transcription factor. There are many Nrf2-interacting nutrients (berberine, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, quercetin, resveratrol, sulforaphane) that all act similarly to reduce insulin resistance, endothelial damage, lung injury and cytokine storm. They also act on the same mechanisms (mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin, PPAR gamma:Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, NF kappa B: Nuclear factor kappa B, ERK: Extracellular signal-regulated kinases and eIF2 alpha:Elongation initiation factor 2 alpha). They may as a result be important in mitigating the severity of COVID-19, acting through the endoplasmic reticulum stress or ACE-Angiotensin-II-AT(1)R axis (AT(1)R) pathway. Many Nrf2-interacting nutrients are also interacting with TRPA1 and/or TRPV1. Interestingly, geographical areas with very low COVID-19 mortality are those with the lowest prevalence of obesity (Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia). It is tempting to propose that Nrf2-interacting foods and nutrients can re-balance insulin resistance and have a significant effect on COVID-19 severity. It is therefore possible that the intake of these foods may restore an optimal natural balance for the Nrf2 pathway and may be of interest in the mitigation of COVID-19 severity.}},
  articleno    = {{58}},
  author       = {{Bousquet, Jean and Cristol, Jean-Paul and Czarlewski, Wienczyslawa and Anto, Josep M. and Martineau, Adrian and Haahtela, Tari and Fonseca, Susana C. and Iaccarino, Guido and Blain, Hubert and Fiocchi, Alessandro and Canonica, G. Walter and Fonseca, Joao A. and Vidal, Alain and Choi, Hak-Jong and Kim, Hyun Ju and Le Moing, Vincent and Reynes, Jacques and Sheikh, Aziz and Akdis, Cezmi A. and Zuberbier, Torsten and Abdul Latiff, Amir Hamzah and Abdullah, Baharudin and Aberer, Werner and Abusada, Nancy and Adcock, Ian and Afani, Alejandro and Agache, Ioana and Aggelidis, Xenofon and Agustin, Jenifer and Akdis, Cezmi A. and Akdis, Mubeccel and Al-Ahmad, Mona and Al-Zahab Bassam, Abou and Alburdan, Hussam and Aldrey-Palacios, Oscar and Alvarez Cuesta, Emilio and Alwan Salman, Hiba and Alzaabi, Ashraf and Amade, Salma and Ambrocio, Gene and Angles, Rosana and Annesi-Maesano, Isabella and Ansotegui, Ignacio J. and Anto, Josep M. and Ara Bardajo, Paula and Arasi, Stefania and Arrais, Margarete and Arshad, Hasan and Artesani, Maria-Cristina and Asayag, Estrella and Avolio, Francesca and Azhari, Khuzama and Bachert, Claus and Bagnasco, Diego and Baiardini, Ilaria and Bajrovic, Nissera and Bakakos, Petros and Bakeyala Mongono, Sergio and Balotro-Torres, Christine and Barba, Sergio and Barbara, Cristina and Barbosa, Elsa and Barreto, Bruno and Bartra, Joan and Basagana, Xavier and Bateman, Eric D. and Battur, Lkhagvaa and Bedbrook, Anna and Bedolla Barajas, Martin and Beghe, Bianca and Bekere, Antra and Bel, Elizabeth and Ben Kheder, Ali and Benson, Mikael and Berghea, Elena-Camelia and Bergmann, Karl-Christian and Bernardini, Roberto and Bernstein, David and Bewick, Mike and Bialek, Slawomir and Bialoszewski, Artur and Bieber, Thomas and Billo, Nils E. and Bilo, Maria-Beatrice and Bindslev-Jensen, Carsten and Bjermer, Leif and Blain, Hubert and Bobolea, Irina and Bochenska Marciniak, Malgorzata and Bond, Christine and Boner, Attilio and Bonini, Matteo and Bonini, Sergio and Bosnic-Anticevich, Sinthia and Bosse, Isabelle and Botskariova, Sofia and Bouchard, Jacques and Boulet, Louis-Philippe and Bourret, Rodolphe and Bousquet, Philippe and Braido, Fulvio and Briggs, Andrew and Brightling, Christopher E. and Brozek, Jan and Brussino, Luisa and Buhl, Roland and Bumbacea, Roxana and Buquicchio, Rosalva and Burguete Cabanas, Maria-Teresa and Bush, Andrew and Busse, William W. and Buters, Jeroen and Caballero-Fonseca, Fernan and Calderon, Moises A. and Calvo, Mario and Camargos, Paulo and Camuzat, Thierry and Canevari, F. R. and Cano, Antonio and Canonica, G. Walter and Capriles-Hulett, Arnaldo and Caraballo, Luis and Cardona, Vicky and Carlsen, Kai-Hakon and Carmona Pirez, Jonas and Caro, Jorge and Carr, Warner and Carreiro-Martins, Pedro and Carreon-Asuncion, Fredelita and Carriazo, Ana-Maria and Carrion y Ribas, Carme and Casale, Thomas and Castor, Mary-Ann and Castro, Elizabeth and Caviglia, A. G. and Cecchi, Lorenzo and Cepeda Sarabia, Alfonso and Chalubinski, Maciej and Chandrasekharan, Ramanathan and Chang, Yoon-Seok and Chato-Andeza, Victoria and Chatzi, Lida and Chatzidaki, Christina and Chavannes, Niels H. and Chaves Loureiro, Claudia and Chavez Garcia, Aurora-Alejandra and Chelninska, Marta and Chen, Yuzhi and Cheng, Lei and Chinthrajah, Sharon and Chivato, Tomas and Chkhartishvili, Ekaterine and Christoff, George and Chrystyn, Henry and Chu, Derek K. and Chua, Antonio and Chuchalin, Alexander and Chung, Kian Fan and Ciceran, Alberto and Cingi, Cemal and Ciprandi, Giorgio and Cirule, Ieva and Coelho, Ana-Carla and Compalati, Enrico and Constantinidis, Jannis and Correia de Sousa, Jaime and Costa, Elisio Manuel and Costa, David and del Carmen Costa Dominguez, Maria and Coste, Andre and Cottini, M. and Cox, Linda and Crisci, Carlos and Crivellaro, Maria Angiola and Cruz, Alvaro A. and Cullen, John and Custovic, Adnan and Cvetkovski, Biljana and Czarlewski, Wienczyslawa and D'Amato, Gennaro and da Silva, Jane and Dahl, Ronald and Dahlen, Sven-Erik and Daniilidis, Vasilis and Darjazini Nahhas, Louei and Darsow, Ulf and Davies, Janet and de Blay, Frederic and De Feo, Giulia and De Guia, Eloisa and de la Torre Navarrete, Jose-Ricardo and de los Santos, Chato and De Manuel Keenoy, Esteban and De Vries, Govert and Deleanu, Diana and Demoly, Pascal and Denburg, Judah and Devillier, Philippe and Didier, Alain and Dimic Janjic, Sanja and Dimou, Maria and Dinh-Xuan, Anh Tuan and Djukanovic, Ratko and Do Ceu Texeira, Maria and Dokic, Dejan and Dominguez Silva, Margarita Gabriela and Douagui, Habib and Douladiris, Nikolaos and Doulaptsi, Maria and Dray, Gerard and Dubakiene, Ruta and Dupas, Eve and Durham, Stephen and Duse, Marzia and Dykewicz, Mark and Ebo, Didier and Edelbaher, Natalija and Eiwegger, Thomas and Eklund, Patrik and El-Gamal, Yehia and El-Sayed, Zeinab A. and El-Sayed, Shereen S. and El-Seify, Magda and Emuzyte, Regina and Enecilla, Lourdes and Erhola, Marina and Espinoza, Heidilita and Espinoza Contreras, Jesus Guillermo and Farrell, John and Fernandez, Lenora and Fimbres Jimenez, Paola and Fink Wagner, Antje and Fiocchi, Alessandro and Fokkens, Wytske J. and Folletti, Lenia and Fonseca, Joao A. and Fontaine, Jean-Francois and Forastiere, Francesco and Fuentes Perez, Jose Miguel and Gaerlan-Resureccion, Emily and Gaga, Mina and Galvez Romero, Jose Luis and Gamkrelidze, Amiran and Garcia, Alexis and Garcia Cobas, Cecilia Yvonne and de la Luz Hortensia Garcia Cruz, Maria and Ortiz, Valeria Garcia and Gayraud, Jacques and Gelardi, Matteo and Gemicioglu, Bilun and Gennimata, Dimitra and Genova, Sonya and Gereda, Jose and Gerth van Wijk, Roy and Giuliano, Antonio and Gomez, Rene-Maximiliano and Gonzalez Ballester, Miguel-Ange and Gonzalez Diaz, Sandra and Gotua, Maia and Grigoreas, Christos and Grisle, Ineta and Guidacci, Marta and Guldemond, Nick and Gutter, Zdenek and Guzman, Antonieta and Haahtela, Tari and Halloum, Ramsa and Halpin, David and Hamelmann, Eckard and Hammadi, Suleiman and Harvey, Richard and Heffler, Enrico and Heinrich, Joachim and Hejjaoui, Adnan and Hellquist-Dahl, Birthe and Hernandez Velazquez, Luiana and Hew, Mark and Hossny, Elham and Howarth, Peter and Hrubisko, Martin and Huerta Villalobos, Yunuen Rocio and Humbert, Marc and Husain, Salina and Hyland, Michael and Iaccarino, Guido and Ibrahim, Moustafa and Ilina, Nataliya and Illario, Maddalena and Incorvaia, Cristoforo and Infantino, Antonio and Irani, Carla and Ispayeva, Zhanat and Ivancevich, Juan Carlos and Jares, Edgardo E. J. and Jarvis, Deborah and Jassem, Ewa and Jenko, Klemen and Jimeneracruz Uscanga, Ruben Dario and Johnston, Sebastian L. and Joos, Guy and Jost, Maja and Julge, Kaja and Jung, Ki-Suck and Just, Jocelyne and Jutel, Marek and Kaidashev, Igor and Kalayci, Omer and Kalyoncu, Fuat and Kapsali, Jeni and Kardas, Przemyslaw and Karjalainen, Jussi and Kasala, Carmela A. and Katotomichelakis, Michael and Kavaliukaite, Loreta and Bennoor, Kazi S. and Keil, Thomas and Keith, Paul and Khaitov, Musa and Khaltaev, Nikolai and Kim, You-Young and Kirenga, Bruce and Kleine-Tebbe, Jorg and Klimek, Ludger and Ko, Fanny W. and Koffi N'Goran, Bernard and Kompoti, Evangelia and Kopac, Peter and Koppelman, Gerard and Koren Jeverica, Anja and Koskinen, Seppo and Kosnik, Mitja and Kostka, Tomasz and Kostov, Kosta V. and Kowalski, Marek L. and Kralimarkova, Tanya and Kramer Vrscaj, Karmen and Kraxner, Helga and Kreft, Samo and Kritikos, Vicky and Kudlay, Dmitry and Kuitunen, Mikael and Kull, Inger and Kuna, Piotr and Kupczyk, Maciej and Kvedariene, Violeta and Kyriakakou, Marialena and Lalek, Nika and Landi, Massimo and Lane, Stephen and Larenas-Linnemann, Desiree E. and Lau, Susanne and Laune, Daniel and Lavrut, Jorge and Le, Lan and Lenzenhuber, Martina and Leo, Gualtiero and Lessa, Marcus and Levin, Michael and Li, Jing and Lieberman, Philip and Liotta, Giuseppe and Lipworth, Brian and Liu, Xuandao and Lobo, Rommel and Lodrup Carlsen, Karin C. and Lombardi, Carlo and Louis, Renaud and Loukidis, Stelios and Lourenco, Olga and Luna Pech, Jorge A. and Madjar, Bojan and Maggi, Enrico and Magnan, Antoine and Mahboub, Bassam and Mair, Alpana and Maitland van der Zee, Anke-Hilse and Makela, Mika and Makris, Michael and Malling, Hans-Jorgen and Mandajieva, Mariana and Manning, Patrick and Manousakis, Manolis and Maragoudakis, Pavlos and Marseglia, Gianluigi and Marshall, Gailen and Masjedi, Mohammad Reza and Maspero, Jorge F. and Matta Campos, Juan Jose and Maurer, Marcus and Mavale-Manuel, Sandra and Meco, Cem and Melen, Erik and Melioli, Giovanni and Melo-Gomes, Elisabete and Meltzer, Eli O. and Menditto, Enrica and Menzies-Gow, Andrew and Merk, Hans and Michel, Jean-Pierre and Micheli, Yann and Miculinic, Neven and Midao, Luis and Mihaltan, Florin and Mikos, Nikolaos and Milanese, Manlio and Milenkovic, Branislava and Mitsias, Dimitrios and Moalla, Bassem and Moda, Giuliana and Mogica Martinez, Maria Dolores and Mohammad, Yousser and Moharra, Frances-Montserrat and Moin, Mostafa and Molimard, Mathieu and Momas, Isabelle and Mommers, Monique and Monaco, Alessandro and Montefort, Stephen and Montenegro, Lucia-Elvira and Monti, Riccardo and Mora, Dory and Morais-Almeida, Mario and Mosges, Ralph and Mostafa, Badr Eldin and Mullol, Joaquim and Munter, Lars and Muraro, Antonella and Murray, Ruth and Musarra, Antonio and Mustakov, Tihomir and Naclerio, Robert and Nadeau, Kari C. and Nadif, Rachel and Nakonechna, Alla and Namazova-Baranova, Leyla and Navarro-Locsin, Gretchen and Neffen, Hugo and Nekam, Kristof and Neou, Angelos and Nettis, Eustachio and Neuberger, Daniel and Nicod, Laurent and Nicola, Stefania and Niederberger-Leppin, Verena and Niedoszytko, Marek and Nieto, Antonio and Novellino, Ettore and Nunes, Elizabete and Nyembue, Dieudonne and O'Hehir, Robyn E. and Odjakova, Cvetanka and Ohta, Ken and Okamoto, Yoshitaka and Okubo, Kimi and Oliver, Brian and Onorato, Gabrielle L. and Orru, Maria Pia and Ouedraogo, Solange and Ouoba, Kampadilemba and Padilla, Francisco-Javier and Paggiaro, Pier Luigi and Pagkalos, Aris and Pajno, Giovanni and Pala, Gianni and Palaniappan, S. P. and Pali-Scholl, Isabella and Palkonen, Susanna and Palmer, Stephen and Panaitescu Bunu, Carmen and Panzner, Petr and Papadopoulos, Nikos G. and Papanikolaou, Vasilis and Papi, Alberto and Paralchev, Bojidar and Paraskevopoulos, Giannis and Park, Hae-Sim and Passalacqua, Giovanni and Patella, Vincenzo and Pavord, Ian and Pawankar, Ruby and Pedersen, Soren and Peleve, Susete and Pellegino, Simona and Pereira, Ana and Pereira, Mariana and Perez, Tamara and Perna, Andrea and Peroni, Diego and Pfaar, Oliver and Pham-Thi, Nhan and Pigearias, Bernard and Pin, Isabelle and Piskou, Konstantina and Pitsios, Constantinos and Plavec, Davor and Poethig, Dagmar and Pohl, Wolfgang and Poplas Susic, Antonija and Popov, Todor A. and Portejoie, Fabienne and Potter, Paul and Poulsen, Lars and Prados-Torres, Alexandra and Prarros, Fotis and Price, David and Prokopakis, Emmanuel and Puggioni, Francesca and Puig-Domenech, Elisa and Puy, Robert and Rabe, Klaus and Rabotti, Silvia and Raciborski, Filip and Ramos, Josephine and Recalcati, Cristina and Recto, Marysia T. and Reda, Shereen M. and Regateiro, Frederico S. and Reider, Norbert and Reitsma, Sietze and Repka-Ramirez, Susana and Ridolo, Erminia and Rimmer, Janet and Rivero Yeverino, Daniela and Rizzo, Jose Angelo and Robalo-Cordeiro, Carlos and Roberts, Graham and Robles, Karen and Roche, Nicolas and Rodriguez Gonzalez, Monica and Rodriguez Zagal, Erendira and Rolla, Giovanni and Rolland, Christine and Roller-Wirnsberger, Regina and Roman Rodriguez, Miguel and Romano, Antonino and Romantowski, Jan and Rombaux, Philippe and Romualdez, Joel and Rosado-Pinto, Jose and Rosario, Nelson and Rosenwasser, Lanny and Rossi, Oliviero and Rottem, Menachem and Rouadi, Philip W. and Rovina, Nikoleta and Rozman Sinur, Irma and Ruiz, Mauricio and Ruiz Segura, Lucy Tania and Ryan, Dermot and Sagara, Hironori and Sakai, Daiki and Sakurai, Daiju and Saleh, Wafaa and Salimaki, Johanna and Samitas, Konstantinos and Samolinski, Boleslaw and Sanchez Coronel, Maria Guadalupe and Sanchez-Borges, Mario and Sanchez-Lopez, Jaime and Sansonna, Melissa and Sarafoleanu, Codrut and Sarquis Serpa, Faradiba and Sastre, Joaquin and Savi, Eleonora and Savonyte, Agne and Sawaf, Bisher and Scadding, Glenis K. and Scheire, Sophie and Schmid-Grendelmeier, Peter and Schuhl, Juan Francisco and Schunemann, Holger and Schvalbova, Maria and Schwarze, Jorgen and Scichilone, Nicola and Senna, Gianenrico and Sepulveda, Cecilia and Serrano, Elie and Shamai, Sara and Sheikh, Aziz and Shields, Mike and Shishkov, Vasil and Siafakas, Nikos and Simeonov, Alexander and Simons, Estelle F. E. R. and Sisul, Juan Carlos and Sitkauskiene, Brigita and Skrindo, Ingelbjorg and Soklic Kosak, Tanja and Sole, Dirceu and Sondermann, Martin and Sooronbaev, Talant and Soto-Martinez, Manuel and Soto-Quiros, Manuel and Pinto, Barnaro Sousa and Sova, Milan and Soyka, Michael and Specjalski, Krzysztof and Sperl, Annette and Spranger, Otto and Stamataki, Sofia and Stefanaki, Lina and Stellato, Cristiana and Stelmach, Rafael and Strandberg, Timo and Stute, Petra and Subramaniam, Abirami and Suppli Ulrik, Charlotte and Sutherland, Michael and Sylvestre, Silvia and Syrigou, Aikaterini and Taborda Barata, Luis and Takovska, Nadejda and Tan, Rachel and Tan, Frances and Tan, Vincent and Tang, Ing Ping and Taniguchi, Masami and Tannert, Line and Tantilipikorn, Pongsakorn and Tattersall, Jessica and Tesi, Filippo and Thieme, Uta and Thijs, Carel and Thomas, Mike and To, Teresa and Todo-Bom, Ana Maria and Togias, Alkis and Tomazic, Peter-Valentin and Tomic-Spiric, Vesna and Toppila-Salmi, Sanna and Torres Jaen, Maria-Jose and Toskala, Elina and Triggiani, Massimo and Triller, Nadja and Triller, Katja and Tsiligianni, Ioanna and Uberti, M. and Ulmeanu, Ruxandra and Urbancic, Jure and Urrutia Pereira, Marilyn and Vachova, Martina and Valdes, Felipe and Valenta, Rudolf and Valentin Rostan, Marylin and Valero, Antonio and Valiulis, Arunas and Vallianatou, Mina and Valovirta, Erkka and Van Eerd, Michiel and Van Ganse, Eric and van Hage, Marianne and Vandenplas, Olivier and Vasankari, Tuula and Vassileva, Dafina and Velasco Munoz, Cesar and Ventura, Maria Teresa and Vera-Munoz, Cecilia and Viart, Frederic and Vicheva, Dilyana and Vichyanond, Pakit and Vidgren, Petra and Viegi, Giovanni and Vogelmeier, Claus and Von Hertzen, Leena and Vontetsianos, Theodoros and Vourdas, Dimitris and Tran Thien Quan, Vu and Wagenmann, Martin and Walker, Samantha and Wallace, Dana and De Wang, Yun and Waserman, Susan and Wehner, Katrin and Wickman, Magnus and Williams, Sian and Williams, Dennis and Wilson, Nicola and Wong, Gary and Woo, Kent and Wozniak, Lucyna and Wright, John and Wroczynski, Piotr and Xepapadaki, Paraskevi and Yakovliev, Plamen and Yamaguchi, Masao and Yan, Kwok and Yap, Yoke Yeow and Yassin, Mais and Yawn, Barbara and Yiallouros, Panayiotis and Yorgancioglu, Arzu and Yoshihara, Shigemi and Young, Ian and Yusuf, Osman B. and Zaidi, Asghar and Zaitoun, Fares and Zalud, Petra and Zar, Heather and Zedda, M. T. and Zernotti, Mario E. and Zhang, Luo and Zhong, Nanshan and Zidarn, Mihaela and Zuberbier, Torsten and Zubrinich, Celia}},
  issn         = {{2045-7022}},
  journal      = {{CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL ALLERGY}},
  keywords     = {{ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM STRESS,NF-KAPPA-B,ACUTE LUNG INJURY,RESPIRATORY,SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS,MUSCLE-CELL PROLIFERATION,OXIDATIVE STRESS,INSULIN-RESISTANCE,SIGNALING PATHWAY,NRF2 ACTIVATORS,SULFORAPHANE,PROTECTS,COVID-19,Nrf2,Foods,Nutrients,Insulin resistance,Obesity,TRPA1}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{18}},
  title        = {{Nrf2-interacting nutrients and COVID-19 : time for research to develop adaptation strategies}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1186/s13601-020-00362-7}},
  volume       = {{10}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}

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