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Position paper on the use of an 'estimated acceptable concentration' (EAC) as basis for a control policy's action level for carcinogens unintentionally present in food

Wendie Claeys, Bruno De Meulenaer (UGent) , Sarah De Saeger (UGent) , Christophe Matthys, Luc Pussemier, Andreja Rajkovic (UGent) , Marie-Louise Scippo, Christiane Vleminckx, Xavier Van Huffel and Peter Hoet
(2021) TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY. 107. p.324-332
Author
Organization
Abstract
Background: In the absence of legal maximum limits, the competent authority may act if high contamination levels that endanger public health are identified. A pragmatic approach to identify whether a value is potentially too high, is to set action levels which, if exceeded, call for action involving a notification, withdrawal of the food from the market, legal measures or an investigation. Scope and approach: As control policy's action levels should be considered as part of risk management, which is not always based on scientific risk assessment alone, the concept of an 'estimated acceptable concentration' (EAC) is introduced. The EAC is defined as a risk-based level of a substance in a food below which the exposure to the substance via the food does not pose a concern or a risk for public health. This EAC concept is substantiated by a quick scoping review of scientific literature and reports. Key findings and conclusions: Case-dependent, whether a threshold effect level can be defined or not, the EAC is calculated based on the health-based guidance value or the margin of exposure (MOE) approach. It can serve as a basis for a food safety management action level, allowing food inspectors to take uniform actions and providing clarity to food business operators. Application of the EAC should be viewed in the appropriate framework, including consideration of the tolerable risk level and uncertainties. Although the presented concept addresses exposure to an individual substance from a single source, the combined exposure to multiple chemicals and exposome can be included.
Keywords
Food safety management, Carcinogen, Genotoxic, 'Margin of exposure' (MOE), RISK-ASSESSMENT, GENOTOXIC CARCINOGENS, PEAK EXPOSURE, MARGIN, EXPOSOME, HAZARD

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MLA
Claeys, Wendie, et al. “Position Paper on the Use of an ‘estimated Acceptable Concentration’ (EAC) as Basis for a Control Policy’s Action Level for Carcinogens Unintentionally Present in Food.” TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, vol. 107, 2021, pp. 324–32, doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2020.11.003.
APA
Claeys, W., De Meulenaer, B., De Saeger, S., Matthys, C., Pussemier, L., Rajkovic, A., … Hoet, P. (2021). Position paper on the use of an “estimated acceptable concentration” (EAC) as basis for a control policy’s action level for carcinogens unintentionally present in food. TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 107, 324–332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2020.11.003
Chicago author-date
Claeys, Wendie, Bruno De Meulenaer, Sarah De Saeger, Christophe Matthys, Luc Pussemier, Andreja Rajkovic, Marie-Louise Scippo, Christiane Vleminckx, Xavier Van Huffel, and Peter Hoet. 2021. “Position Paper on the Use of an ‘estimated Acceptable Concentration’ (EAC) as Basis for a Control Policy’s Action Level for Carcinogens Unintentionally Present in Food.” TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 107: 324–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2020.11.003.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Claeys, Wendie, Bruno De Meulenaer, Sarah De Saeger, Christophe Matthys, Luc Pussemier, Andreja Rajkovic, Marie-Louise Scippo, Christiane Vleminckx, Xavier Van Huffel, and Peter Hoet. 2021. “Position Paper on the Use of an ‘estimated Acceptable Concentration’ (EAC) as Basis for a Control Policy’s Action Level for Carcinogens Unintentionally Present in Food.” TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 107: 324–332. doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2020.11.003.
Vancouver
1.
Claeys W, De Meulenaer B, De Saeger S, Matthys C, Pussemier L, Rajkovic A, et al. Position paper on the use of an “estimated acceptable concentration” (EAC) as basis for a control policy’s action level for carcinogens unintentionally present in food. TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY. 2021;107:324–32.
IEEE
[1]
W. Claeys et al., “Position paper on the use of an ‘estimated acceptable concentration’ (EAC) as basis for a control policy’s action level for carcinogens unintentionally present in food,” TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, vol. 107, pp. 324–332, 2021.
@article{8690316,
  abstract     = {{Background: In the absence of legal maximum limits, the competent authority may act if high contamination levels that endanger public health are identified. A pragmatic approach to identify whether a value is potentially too high, is to set action levels which, if exceeded, call for action involving a notification, withdrawal of the food from the market, legal measures or an investigation.

Scope and approach: As control policy's action levels should be considered as part of risk management, which is not always based on scientific risk assessment alone, the concept of an 'estimated acceptable concentration' (EAC) is introduced. The EAC is defined as a risk-based level of a substance in a food below which the exposure to the substance via the food does not pose a concern or a risk for public health. This EAC concept is substantiated by a quick scoping review of scientific literature and reports.

Key findings and conclusions: Case-dependent, whether a threshold effect level can be defined or not, the EAC is calculated based on the health-based guidance value or the margin of exposure (MOE) approach. It can serve as a basis for a food safety management action level, allowing food inspectors to take uniform actions and providing clarity to food business operators. Application of the EAC should be viewed in the appropriate framework, including consideration of the tolerable risk level and uncertainties. Although the presented concept addresses exposure to an individual substance from a single source, the combined exposure to multiple chemicals and exposome can be included.}},
  author       = {{Claeys, Wendie and De Meulenaer, Bruno and De Saeger, Sarah and Matthys, Christophe and Pussemier, Luc and Rajkovic, Andreja and Scippo, Marie-Louise and Vleminckx, Christiane and Van Huffel, Xavier and Hoet, Peter}},
  issn         = {{0924-2244}},
  journal      = {{TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY}},
  keywords     = {{Food safety management,Carcinogen,Genotoxic,'Margin of exposure' (MOE),RISK-ASSESSMENT,GENOTOXIC CARCINOGENS,PEAK EXPOSURE,MARGIN,EXPOSOME,HAZARD}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{324--332}},
  title        = {{Position paper on the use of an 'estimated acceptable concentration' (EAC) as basis for a control policy's action level for carcinogens unintentionally present in food}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2020.11.003}},
  volume       = {{107}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}
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