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Cost-driven design of printed wideband antennas with reduced silver ink consumption for the internet of things

Nicolas Claus (UGent) , Jo Verhaevert (UGent) and Hendrik Rogier (UGent)
(2022) SENSORS. 22(20).
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Abstract
The Internet of Things (IoT) accelerates the need for compact, lightweight and low-cost antennas combining wideband operation with a high integration potential. Although screen printing is excellently suited for manufacturing conformal antennas on a flexible substrate, its application is typically limited due to the expensive nature of conductive inks. This paper investigates how the production cost of a flexible coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed planar monopole antenna can be reduced by exploiting a mesh-based method for limiting ink consumption. Prototypes with mesh grids of different line widths and densities were screen-printed on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) foil using silver-based nanoparticle ink. Smaller line widths decrease antenna gain and efficiency, while denser mesh grids better approximate unmeshed antenna behavior, albeit at the expense of greater ink consumption. A meshed prototype of 34.76 x 58.03 mm with almost 80% ink reduction compared to an unmeshed counterpart is presented. It is capable of providing wideband coverage in the IMT/LTE-1/n1 (1.92-2.17 GHz), LTE-40/n40 (2.3-2.4 GHz), 2.45 GHz ISM (2.4-2.4835 GHz), IMT-E/LTE-7/n7 (2.5-2.69 GHz), and n78 5G (3.3-3.8 GHz) frequency bands. It exhibits a peak radiation efficiency above 90% and a metallized surface area of 2.46 cm(2) (yielding an ink-to-total-surface ratio of 12.2%).
Keywords
flexible antenna, ink reduction, Internet of Things (IoT), meshed, antenna, nanoparticle silver ink, printed antenna, screen printing, wideband antenna, 5G

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MLA
Claus, Nicolas, et al. “Cost-Driven Design of Printed Wideband Antennas with Reduced Silver Ink Consumption for the Internet of Things.” SENSORS, vol. 22, no. 20, 2022, doi:10.3390/s22207929.
APA
Claus, N., Verhaevert, J., & Rogier, H. (2022). Cost-driven design of printed wideband antennas with reduced silver ink consumption for the internet of things. SENSORS, 22(20). https://doi.org/10.3390/s22207929
Chicago author-date
Claus, Nicolas, Jo Verhaevert, and Hendrik Rogier. 2022. “Cost-Driven Design of Printed Wideband Antennas with Reduced Silver Ink Consumption for the Internet of Things.” SENSORS 22 (20). https://doi.org/10.3390/s22207929.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Claus, Nicolas, Jo Verhaevert, and Hendrik Rogier. 2022. “Cost-Driven Design of Printed Wideband Antennas with Reduced Silver Ink Consumption for the Internet of Things.” SENSORS 22 (20). doi:10.3390/s22207929.
Vancouver
1.
Claus N, Verhaevert J, Rogier H. Cost-driven design of printed wideband antennas with reduced silver ink consumption for the internet of things. SENSORS. 2022;22(20).
IEEE
[1]
N. Claus, J. Verhaevert, and H. Rogier, “Cost-driven design of printed wideband antennas with reduced silver ink consumption for the internet of things,” SENSORS, vol. 22, no. 20, 2022.
@article{8772486,
  abstract     = {{The Internet of Things (IoT) accelerates the need for compact, lightweight and low-cost antennas combining wideband operation with a high integration potential. Although screen printing is excellently suited for manufacturing conformal antennas on a flexible substrate, its application is typically limited due to the expensive nature of conductive inks. This paper investigates how the production cost of a flexible coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed planar monopole antenna can be reduced by exploiting a mesh-based method for limiting ink consumption. Prototypes with mesh grids of different line widths and densities were screen-printed on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) foil using silver-based nanoparticle ink. Smaller line widths decrease antenna gain and efficiency, while denser mesh grids better approximate unmeshed antenna behavior, albeit at the expense of greater ink consumption. A meshed prototype of 34.76 x 58.03 mm with almost 80% ink reduction compared to an unmeshed counterpart is presented. It is capable of providing wideband coverage in the IMT/LTE-1/n1 (1.92-2.17 GHz), LTE-40/n40 (2.3-2.4 GHz), 2.45 GHz ISM (2.4-2.4835 GHz), IMT-E/LTE-7/n7 (2.5-2.69 GHz), and n78 5G (3.3-3.8 GHz) frequency bands. It exhibits a peak radiation efficiency above 90% and a metallized surface area of 2.46 cm(2) (yielding an ink-to-total-surface ratio of 12.2%).}},
  articleno    = {{7929}},
  author       = {{Claus, Nicolas and Verhaevert, Jo and Rogier, Hendrik}},
  issn         = {{1424-8220}},
  journal      = {{SENSORS}},
  keywords     = {{flexible antenna,ink reduction,Internet of Things (IoT),meshed,antenna,nanoparticle silver ink,printed antenna,screen printing,wideband antenna,5G}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{20}},
  pages        = {{21}},
  title        = {{Cost-driven design of printed wideband antennas with reduced silver ink consumption for the internet of things}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.3390/s22207929}},
  volume       = {{22}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}
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