Walmsley, D. J
Description
This first part of the thesis forms an introduction to
the topics to be examined in more detail later. Chapter 1.1
comprises a theoretical discussion of some aspects of human
geography as a study of behaviour and argues that the
relationships between form and process constitute a classical
geographical problem of which one particular example the
spatial patterns of household shopping trips for convenlence
goods -- is analyzed in this thesis. The nature and
implications of the...[Show more] behavioural approach form the foundation
on which the research reported here is based. Section 1.1.1 draws attention to the increasing number
of studies by human geographers and other social scientists of
actual rather than idealized situations and then reviews the
directions that this research has taken and the problems
involved. Actual behaviour is seen as the outcome of
'psychological mechanisms' and it is argued that research
along these lines must, therefore, take account of such
processes as decision-making and learning, in addition to
analyzing both overt behaviour and the environment. Two
contentions -- central to the thesis -- are put forward:
(i) any study of behaviour demands a conceptual
framework;
(ii) the problems of relating human behaviour to
the environment can be analyzed within a
systems theory framework.
The second of these points impinges on the classical
geographical problem of relating form and process at a
sat.isfactory level of aggregation and, In this context, the
particular research problem investigated in the thesis is
described. Studies of behaviour are essentially micro-scale
and the Section concludes with a review of attempts that have
been made to incorporate behavioural considerations into
models of the marketing process. It is argued that early
studies have adhered too rigidly to the condition of spatial
equilibrium. The implications of this behavioural research, especially
in a philosophical and methodological sense, are developed
in Section 1.1.2 where particular attention is paid to the
scientific status of geographi c inquiry. It is ma intained
that the influences on geography of natural science, social
SClence, and history have led to the mechanistic, organic,
and process-oriented frameworks, and it is suggested that to
these should be added the influence of systems theory. Two
specific implications of the behavioural approach are
stressed: first, research should be set against the broader
canvas of behaviour theory and is, therefore, to a certain
extent, inter-disciplinary; and, second, all studies of
behaviour are unavoidably subjective. The inter-discip linary
nature of the research necessitates the introduction and
definition of a series of concepts which are, to a large
extent, unfamiliar to most geographers.
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