Abstract:
A comprehensive study of nonstoichiometry titanium oxide thin films (TiO x , 0.3≤x≤2) prepared by ion beam deposition technique is reported. The physical properties of the material are studied by ultraviolet and x-ray photoelectron, Raman, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies, and atomic force microscopy. An abrupt transition from metallic characteristics to a wide gap semiconductor is observed in a very narrow range of oxygen variation. Concomitantly with this change the crystal structure and morphology suffer remarkable physical properties modifications. This transformation is ascribed to surface-volume energy minimization due to the influence of oxygen determining the size of the TiO 2 particles during coalescence. © 2010 American Institute of Physics.
Registro:
Documento: |
Artículo
|
Título: | A comprehensive study of the influence of the stoichiometry on the physical properties of TiO x films prepared by ion beam deposition |
Autor: | Marchi, M.C.; Bilmes, S.A.; Ribeiro, C.T.M.; Ochoa, E.A.; Kleinke, M.; Alvarez, F. |
Filiación: | INQUIMAE-DQIAyQF, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina LTF, Instituto de Física, USP, P.O. Box 369, São Carlos 13560-250, Brazil Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, UNICAMP, 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
|
Palabras clave: | Abrupt transition; Comprehensive studies; Crystal structure and morphology; Energy minimization; Influence of oxygen; Ion beam deposition; Ion beam deposition technique; Non-stoichiometry; TiO; Titanium oxide thin films; Wide-gap semiconductor; X-ray photoelectrons; Atomic force microscopy; Atomic spectroscopy; Chemical modification; Coalescence; Crystal structure; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Fourier transforms; Ion beams; Oxide films; Oxygen; Photoelectron spectroscopy; Physical properties; Stoichiometry; Titanium; Titanium oxides; Film preparation |
Año: | 2010
|
Volumen: | 108
|
Número: | 6
|
DOI: |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3481442 |
Título revista: | Journal of Applied Physics
|
Título revista abreviado: | J Appl Phys
|
ISSN: | 00218979
|
CODEN: | JAPIA
|
PDF: | https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/download/paper/paper_00218979_v108_n6_p_Marchi.pdf |
Registro: | https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_00218979_v108_n6_p_Marchi |
Referencias:
- Rao, K.N., Mohan, S.J., (1990) J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, 8, p. 3260. , JVTAD6 0734-2101. 10.1116/1.576575
- Balasubramanian, K., Han, X.F., Guenther, K.H., (1993) Appl. Opt., 32, p. 5594. , APOPAI 0003-6935 10.1364/AO.32.005594
- Brown, W.D., Granneman, W.W., (1978) Solid-State Electron., 21, p. 837. , SSELA5 0038-1101 10.1016/0038-1101(78)90308-8
- Du, J., Choy, K.L., (2004) Solid State Ionics, 173, p. 119. , SSIOD3 0167-2738. 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.07.062
- Ferroni, M., Guidi, V., Martinelli, G., Faglia, G., Nelli, P., Sberveglieri, G., Characterization of a nanosized TiO 2 gas sensor (1996) Nanostructured Materials, 7 (7), pp. 709-718. , DOI 10.1016/S0965-9773(96)00050-5, PII S0965977396000505
- Tang, H., (1995) Sens. Actuators B, 26, p. 71. , SABCEB 0925-4005 10.1016/0925-4005(94)01559-Z
- Jeong, S.H., Kim, J.K., Kim, B.S., Shim, S.H., Lee, B.T., (2004) Vacuum, 76, p. 507. , VACUAV 0042-207X. 10.1016/j.vacuum.2004.06.003
- Bange, K., Otterrnann, C.R., Anderson, O., Jeschkowski, U., Laube, M., Feile, R., (1991) Thin Solid Films, 197, p. 279. , THSFAP 0040-6090 10.1016/0040-6090(91)90238-S
- Yeung, K.S., Lam, Y.W., SIMPLE CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION METHOD FOR DEPOSITING THIN TiO 2 FILMS. (1983) Thin Solid Films, 109 (2), pp. 169-178. , DOI 10.1016/0040-6090(83)90136-0
- Nazeeruddin, M.K., Kay, A., Rodicio, I., Humphrey-Baker, R., Mueller, E., Liska, P., Vlachopoulos, N., Graetzel, M., (1993) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115, p. 6382. , JACSAT 0002-7863 10.1021/ja00067a063
- Leng, Y.X., Chen, J.Y., Sun, H., Yang, P., Wan, G.J., Wang, J., Huang, N., Properties of titanium oxide synthesized by pulsed metal vacuum arc deposition (2004) Surface and Coatings Technology, 176 (2), pp. 141-147. , DOI 10.1016/S0257-8972(03)00660-1
- Bilmes, S.A., Mandelbaum, P., Alvarez, F., Victoria, N.M., (2000) J. Phys. Chem. B, 104, p. 9851. , JPCBFK 1089-5647. 10.1021/jp0010132
- B́rub́, F., Kleitz, F., Kaliaguine, S., (2008) J. Phys. Chem. C, 112, p. 14403. , JPCCCK 1932-7447. 10.1021/jp803853m
- Xie, Q., Jiang, Y.-L., Detavernier, C., Deduytsche, D., Van Meirhaeghe, R.L., Ru, G.-P., Li, B.-Z., Qu, X.-P., Atomic layer deposition of Ti O2 from tetrakis-dimethyl-amido titanium or Ti isopropoxide precursors and H2 O (2007) Journal of Applied Physics, 102 (8), p. 083521. , DOI 10.1063/1.2798384
- Van Popta, A.C., Cheng, J., Sit, J.C., Brett, M.J., Birefringence enhancement in annealed Ti O2 thin films (2007) Journal of Applied Physics, 102 (1), p. 013517. , DOI 10.1063/1.2752132
- Karuppasamy, A., Subrahmanyam, A., Studies on the room temperature growth of nanoanatase phase TiO 2 thin films by pulsed dc magnetron with oxygen as sputter gas (2007) Journal of Applied Physics, 101 (6), p. 064318. , DOI 10.1063/1.2714770
- Fujishima, A., Rao, T.N., Tryk, D.A., TiO 2 photocatalysts and diamond electrodes (2000) Electrochimica Acta, 45 (28), pp. 4683-4690. , DOI 10.1016/S0013-4686(00)00620-4
- Ibusuki, T., Takeuchi, K., (1994) J. Mol. Catal., 88, p. 93. , JMCADS 0304-5102 10.1016/0304-5102(93)E0247-E
- Robert, D., Malato, S., Solar photocatalysis: A clean process for water detoxification (2002) Science of the Total Environment, 291 (1-3), pp. 85-97. , DOI 10.1016/S0048-9697(01)01094-4, PII S0048969701010944
- Zhang, F., Zheng, Z., Chen, Y., Liu, X., Chen, A., Jiang, Z., (1998) J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 42, p. 128. , JBMRBG 0021-9304. 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4636(199810)42:1<128::AID- JBM16>3.0.CO;2-H
- Diebold, U., (2003) Surf. Sci. Rep., 48, p. 53. , SSREDI 0167-5729. 10.1016/S0167-5729(02)00100-0
- Fujishima, A., Honda, K., (1971) Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 44, p. 1148. , BCSJA8 0009-2673. 10.1246/bcsj.44.1148
- Carey, J.H., Lawrence, J., Tosine, H.M., (1976) Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 16, p. 697. , BECTA6 0007-4861. 10.1007/BF01685575
- Calvo, M.E., Candal, R.J., Bilmes, S.A., Enhancement of salicylate photodegradation under bias in binary mixtures (2002) Catalysis Today, 76 (2-4), pp. 133-139. , DOI 10.1016/S0920-5861(02)00213-4, PII S0920586102002134
- Zhu, K.-R., Zhang, M.-S., Hong, J.-M., Yin, Z., Size effect on phase transition sequence of TiO 2 nanocrystal (2005) Materials Science and Engineering A, 403 (1-2), pp. 87-93. , DOI 10.1016/j.msea.2005.04.029, PII S0921509305004351
- Jung, H.S., Shin, H., Kim, J.-R., Kim, J.Y., Hong, K.S., Lee, J.-K., In situ observation of the stability of anatase nanoparticles and their transformation to rutile in an acidic solution (2004) Langmuir, 20 (26), pp. 11732-11737. , DOI 10.1021/la048425c
- Shukla, G., Mishra, P.K., Khare, A., (2010) J. Alloys Compd., 489, p. 246. , JALCEU 0925-8388 10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.09.064
- Sima, C., Grigoriu, C., (2009) Thin Solid Films, 518, p. 1314. , THSFAP 0040-6090 10.1016/j.tsf.2009.05.049
- Nunes, M.R., Monteiro, O.C., Castro, A.L., Vasconcelos, D.A., Silvestre, A.J., (2008) Eur. J. Inorg. Chem., 2008, p. 961. , EJICFO 1434-1948 10.1002/ejic.200700978
- Löbl, P., Huppertz, M., Mergel, D., (1994) Thin Solid Films, 251, p. 72. , THSFAP 0040-6090. 10.1016/0040-6090(94)90843-5
- Meng, L.-J., Dos Santos, M.P., Investigations of titanium oxide films deposited by d.c. reactive magnetron sputtering in different sputtering pressures (1993) Thin Solid Films, 226 (1), pp. 22-29. , DOI 10.1016/0040-6090(93)90200-9
- Okimura, K., Shibata, A., Maeda, N., Tachibana, K., Noguchi, Y., Tsuchida, K., (1995) Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 34, p. 4950. , JJAPA5 0021-4922. 10.1143/JJAP.34.4950
- Zeman, P., Takabayashi, S., Effect of total and oxygen partial pressures on structure of photocatalytic TiO 2 films sputtered on unheated substrate (2002) Surface and Coatings Technology, 153 (1), pp. 93-99. , DOI 10.1016/S0257-8972(01)01553-5, PII S0257897201015535
- Karunagaran, B.R.T., Kumar, R., Kumar, V.S., Mangalaraj, D., Narayandass, S.K., Rao, G.M., (2003) Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process., 6, p. 547. , MSSPFQ 1369-8001. 10.1016/j.mss2003.05.012
- Djerdj, I., Tonejc, A.M., Bijelic, M., Vranesa, V., Turkovic, A., Transmission electron microscopy studies of nanostructured TiO 2 films on various substrates (2005) Vacuum, 80 (4), pp. 371-378. , DOI 10.1016/j.vacuum.2005.06.015, PII S0042207X05002307
- Wang, X., Zhang, F., Zheng, Z., Li, Ch., Chen, L., Wang, H., Lui, X., (2000) Mater. Lett., 44, p. 105. , MLETDJ 0167-577X. 10.1016/S0167-577X(00)00010-0
- Figueroa, C.A., Ochoa, E., Alvarez, F., (2003) J. Appl. Phys., 94, p. 2242. , JAPIAU 0021-8979. 10.1063/1.1591415
- Figueroa, C.A., Wisnivesky, D., Hammer, P., Lacerda, R.G., Droppa Jr., R., Marques, F.C., Alvarez, F., A comprehensive nitriding study by low energy ion beam implantation on stainless steel (2001) Surface and Coatings Technology, 146-147, pp. 405-409. , DOI 10.1016/S0257-8972(01)01406-2, PII S0257897201014062
- Kaufman, H.R., (1978) J. Vac. Sci. Technol., 15, p. 272. , JVSTAL 0022-5355. 10.1116/1.569569
- Ensinger, W., (1998) Surf. Coat. Technol., 99, p. 1. , SCTEEJ 0257-8972. 10.1016/S0257-8972(97)00410-6
- Hammer, P., Victoria, N.M., Alvarez, F., Electronic structure of hydrogenated carbon nitride films (1998) Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces and Films, 16 (5), pp. 2941-2949. , DOI 10.1116/1.581443
- Jenkins, R., Snyder, R.L., (1996) Introduction to X-Ray Powder Diffractometry, 138. , Chemical Analysis: A Series of Monographs on Analytical Chemistry and Its Applications (Wiley, New York)
- Feibelman, P.J., Eastman, D.E., (1974) Phys. Rev. B, 10, p. 4932. , PLRBAQ 0556-2805. 10.1103/PhysRevB.10.4932
- Ley, L., (1984) The Physics of Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon II, 56. , Topics in Applied Physics Vol. (Spring-Verlag, Berlin). 10.1007/3540128077-3
- Shirley, D.A., (1972) Phys. Rev. B, 5, p. 4709. , PLRBAQ 0556-2805. 10.1103/PhysRevB.5.4709
- Scofield, J.H., (1976) J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 8, p. 129. , JESRAW 0368-2048. 10.1016/0368-2048(76)80015-1
- Carley, F., Spoto, G., Chalker, P.R., Riviere, J.C., Roberts, M.W., (1987) J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1, 83, p. 351. , JCFTAR 0300-9599. 10.1039/f19878300351
- Pouilleau, J., Devilliers, D., Groult, H., Marcus, P., (1997) J. Mater. Sci., 32, p. 5645. , JMTSAS 0022-2461. 10.1023/A:1018645112465
- Yang, T.S., Shiu, C.B., Wong, M.S., (2004) Surf. Sci., 548, p. 75. , SUSCAS 0039-6028. 10.1016/j.susc.2003.10.044
- Kumar, P.M., Badrinarayanan, S., Sastry, M., Nanocrystalline TiO 2 studied by optical, FTIR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy: Correlation to presence of surface states (2000) Thin Solid Films, 358 (1), pp. 122-130. , DOI 10.1016/S0040-6090(99)00722-1
- Briggs, D., Seah, M.P., (1996) Practical Surface Analysis: Auger and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, 1. , 2nd ed. (Wiley, New York)
- Henrich, V.E., (1985) Rep. Prog. Phys., 48, p. 1481. , RPPHAG 0034-4885. 10.1088/0034-4885/48/11/001
- Henrich, V.E., Cox, P.A., (1994) The Surface Science of Metal Oxides, , (Cambridge University Press, Great Britain)
- Tait, R.H., Kasowski, R.V., (1979) Phys. Rev. B, 20, p. 5178. , PLRBAQ 0556-2805. 10.1103/PhysRevB.20.5178
- Hoffmann, R., (1988) Solids and Surfaces: A Chemist's View of Bonding in Extended Structures, , (VCH, New York)
- Robert, T.D., Laude, L.D., Geskin, V.M., Lazzaroni, R., Gouttebaron, R., (2003) Thin Solid Films, 440, p. 268. , THSFAP 0040-6090. 10.1016/S0040-6090(03)00819-8
- Busca, G., Ramis, G., Gallardo Amores, J.M., Sanchez Escribano, V., Piaggio, P., (1994) J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 90, p. 3181. , JCFTEV 0956-5000. 10.1039/ft9949003181
- Zhang, J.-Y., Boyd, I.W., O'Sullivan, B.J., Hurley, P.K., Kelly, P.V., Senateur, J.-P., Nanocrystalline TiO 2 films studied by optical, XRD and FTIR spectroscopy (2002) Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 303 (1), pp. 134-138. , DOI 10.1016/S0022-3093(02)00973-0, PII S0022309302009730
- Busani, T., Devine, R.A.B., Dielectric and infrared properties of TiO 2 films containing anatase and rutile (2005) Semiconductor Science and Technology, 20 (8), pp. 870-875. , DOI 10.1088/0268-1242/20/8/043, PII S0268124205890911
- Erkov, V.G., Devyatova, S.F., Molodstova, E.L., Malsteva, T.V., Yanovskii, U.A., (2000) Appl. Surf. Sci., 166, p. 51. , ASUSEE 0169-4332. 10.1016/S0169-4332(00)00415-3
- Henrich, V.E., Dresselhaus, G., Zeiger, H.J., (1978) Phys. Rev. B, 17, p. 4908. , PLRBAQ 0556-2805. 10.1103/PhysRevB.17.4908
- Göpel, W., Rocker, G., Feierabend, R., (1983) Phys. Rev., 28, p. 3427. , PHRVAO 0031-899X. 10.1103/PhysRevB.28.3427
- Amama, P.B., Pint, C.L., Mc Jilton, L., Kim, S.M., Stach, E.A., Murray, P.T., Hauge, R.H., Maruyama, B., (2009) Nano Lett., 9, p. 44. , NALEFD 1530-6984. 10.1021/nl801876h
- Bouchet-Fabre, B., Fadjie Djomkam, A., Delmas, M., Jin, C., Antonin, O., Hugon, M.C., Mayne-L'Hermite, M.F., Mińa, T., (2009) Carbon, 47, p. 3424. , CRBNAH 0008-6223. 10.1016/j.carbon.2009.07.058
- Gokhale, B.G., Rai, S., Rai, S.D., (1977) J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., 7, p. 299. , JPFMAT 0305-4608. 10.1088/0305-4608/7/2/011
- Marchi, M.C., Bilmes, S.A., Bilmes, G.M., Photophysics of rhodamine B interacting with silver spheroids (1999) Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 218 (1), pp. 112-117. , DOI 10.1006/jcis.1999.6379
- Mulvaney, P., (1996) Langmuir, 12, p. 788. , LANGD5 0743-7463 10.1021/la9502711
- Kumar, A.B.R., Uthanna, S., Naidu, B.S., Reddy, P.S., (2001) J. Indian Inst. Sci., 81, p. 573. , 0970-4140
- In these working conditions abundant dust is deposited in the chamber bottom; Nicolaides, C., Sinanoglu, O., Westhaus, P., (1971) Phys. Rev. A, 4, p. 1400. , PLRAAN 1050-2947. 10.1103/PhysRevA.4.1400
- Kella, D., Vejby-Christensen, L., Johnson, P.J., Pedersen, H.B., Andersen, L.H., The source of green light emission determined from a heavy-ion storage ring experiment (1997) Science, 276 (5318), pp. 1530-1533. , DOI 10.1126/science.276.5318.1530
- Guberman, S.L., Mechanism for the green glow of the upper ionosphere (1997) Science, 278 (5341), pp. 1276-1278. , DOI 10.1126/science.278.5341.1276
- Sreemany, M., Sen, S., (2004) Mater. Phys. and Chem., 83, p. 169. , 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2003.09.030
- Smith, P.B., Bernasek, S.L., (1987) Surf. Sci., 188, p. 241. , SUSCAS 0039-6028. 10.1016/S0039-6028(87)80155-3
- Barb́, C.J., Arendsen, F., Comte, P., Jirousek, M., Lenzmann, F., Shklover, V., Grätzel, M., (1997) J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 80, p. 3157. , JACTAW 0002-7820. 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1997.tb03245.x
- Yang, J., Mei, S., Ferreira, J.M.F., (2000) J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 83, p. 1361. , JACTAW 0002-7820. 10.1111/j.1151-2916.2000.tb01394.x
- Bischoff, B.L., Anderson, M.A., (1995) Chem. Mater., 7, p. 1772. , CMATEX 0897-4756 10.1021/cm00058a004
- Barnard, A.S., Zapol, P., Effects of particle morphology and surface hydrogenation on the phase stability of TiO 2 (2004) Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, 70 (23), pp. 1-13. , DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.235403, 235403
- Ranade, M.R., Navrotsky, A., Zhang, H.Z., Banfield, J.F., Elder, S.H., Zaban, A., Borse, P.H., Whitfield, H.J., Energetics of nanocrystalline TiO 2 (2002) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 99 (SUPPL. 2), pp. 6476-6481. , DOI 10.1073/pnas.251534898
- Li, M., Hebenstreit, W., Diebold, U., Henderson, M.A., Jennison, D.R., (1999) Faraday Discuss., 114, p. 245. , FDISE6 0301-7249. 10.1039/a903598b
Citas:
---------- APA ----------
Marchi, M.C., Bilmes, S.A., Ribeiro, C.T.M., Ochoa, E.A., Kleinke, M. & Alvarez, F.
(2010)
. A comprehensive study of the influence of the stoichiometry on the physical properties of TiO x films prepared by ion beam deposition. Journal of Applied Physics, 108(6).
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3481442---------- CHICAGO ----------
Marchi, M.C., Bilmes, S.A., Ribeiro, C.T.M., Ochoa, E.A., Kleinke, M., Alvarez, F.
"A comprehensive study of the influence of the stoichiometry on the physical properties of TiO x films prepared by ion beam deposition"
. Journal of Applied Physics 108, no. 6
(2010).
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3481442---------- MLA ----------
Marchi, M.C., Bilmes, S.A., Ribeiro, C.T.M., Ochoa, E.A., Kleinke, M., Alvarez, F.
"A comprehensive study of the influence of the stoichiometry on the physical properties of TiO x films prepared by ion beam deposition"
. Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 108, no. 6, 2010.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3481442---------- VANCOUVER ----------
Marchi, M.C., Bilmes, S.A., Ribeiro, C.T.M., Ochoa, E.A., Kleinke, M., Alvarez, F. A comprehensive study of the influence of the stoichiometry on the physical properties of TiO x films prepared by ion beam deposition. J Appl Phys. 2010;108(6).
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3481442