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Abstract:

Sperm structure has evolved to be very compact and compartmentalized to enable the motor (the flagellum) to transport the nuclear cargo (the head) to the egg. Furthermore, sperm do not exhibit progressive motility and are not capable of undergoing acrosomal exocytosis immediately following their release into the lumen of the seminiferous tubules, the site of spermatogenesis in the testis. These cells require maturation in the epididymis and female reproductive tract before they become competent for fertilization. Here we review aspects of the structural and molecular mechanisms that promote forward motility, hyperactivated motility, and acrosomal exocytosis. As a result, we favor a model articulated by others that the flagellum senses external signals and communicates with the head by second messengers to affect sperm functions such as acrosomal exocytosis. We hope this conceptual framework will serve to stimulate thinking and experimental investigations concerning the various steps of activating a sperm from a quiescent state to a gamete that is fully competent and committed to fertilization. The three themes of compartmentalization, competence, and commitment are key to an understanding of the molecular mechanisms of sperm activation. Comprehending these processes will have a considerable impact on the management of fertility problems, the development of contraceptive methods, and, potentially, elucidation of analogous processes in other cell systems. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Registro:

Documento: Artículo
Título:Heads or tails? Structural events and molecular mechanisms that promote mammalian sperm acrosomal exocytosis and motility
Autor:Buffone, M.G.; Ijiri, T.W.; Cao, W.; Merdiushev, T.; Aghajanian, H.K.; Gerton, G.L.
Filiación:Center for Research on Reproduction and Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
Instituto de Biologia y Medicina Experimental, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
Palabras clave:2 arachidonoylglycerol; A kinase anchoring protein 3; A kinase anchoring protein 4; adenosine triphosphate; adenosine triphosphate sensitive potassium channel; adenylate cyclase; adenylate cyclase 2; adenylate cyclase 3; adenylate cyclase 8; anandamide; calcium; cannabinoid 1 receptor; cation channel; cell protein; chloride channel; CRISP1 protein; cyclic AMP; cyclic AMP dependent protein kinase anchoring protein; forskolin; glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase; glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase S; glycogen synthase kinase 3; inwardly rectifying potassium channel subunit Kir6.1; inwardly rectifying potassium channel subunit Kir6.2; phosphoglycerate kinase; phosphoglycerate kinase 2; proton; SLC9A10 protein; sperm associated cation channel 1; unclassified drug; ZP3R protein; acrosomal exocytosis; acrosome reaction; actin polymerization; alkalinization; cell nucleus membrane; cell swelling; cellular distribution; depolymerization; disulfide bond; epididymis; exocytosis; fertilization; glycolysis; human; hyperpolarization; nonhuman; pH; potassium current; priority journal; protein expression; protein localization; protein phosphorylation; review; spermatid; spermatogenesis; spermatozoon capacitation; spermatozoon maturation; spermatozoon motility; spermatozoon tail; Acrosome; Acrosome Reaction; Animals; Female; Humans; Male; Mice; Models, Biological; Ovum; Sperm Capacitation; Sperm Motility; Sperm Tail; Spermatozoa
Año:2012
Volumen:79
Número:1
Página de inicio:4
Página de fin:18
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.21393
Título revista:Molecular Reproduction and Development
Título revista abreviado:Mol. Reprod. Dev.
ISSN:1040452X
CODEN:MREDE
CAS:adenosine triphosphate, 15237-44-2, 56-65-5, 987-65-5; adenylate cyclase, 9012-42-4; anandamide, 94421-68-8; calcium, 14092-94-5, 7440-70-2; cyclic AMP, 60-92-4; forskolin, 66575-29-9; glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase, 9001-50-7; phosphoglycerate kinase, 9001-83-6; proton, 12408-02-5, 12586-59-3
Registro:https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_1040452X_v79_n1_p4_Buffone

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Citas:

---------- APA ----------
Buffone, M.G., Ijiri, T.W., Cao, W., Merdiushev, T., Aghajanian, H.K. & Gerton, G.L. (2012) . Heads or tails? Structural events and molecular mechanisms that promote mammalian sperm acrosomal exocytosis and motility. Molecular Reproduction and Development, 79(1), 4-18.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.21393
---------- CHICAGO ----------
Buffone, M.G., Ijiri, T.W., Cao, W., Merdiushev, T., Aghajanian, H.K., Gerton, G.L. "Heads or tails? Structural events and molecular mechanisms that promote mammalian sperm acrosomal exocytosis and motility" . Molecular Reproduction and Development 79, no. 1 (2012) : 4-18.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.21393
---------- MLA ----------
Buffone, M.G., Ijiri, T.W., Cao, W., Merdiushev, T., Aghajanian, H.K., Gerton, G.L. "Heads or tails? Structural events and molecular mechanisms that promote mammalian sperm acrosomal exocytosis and motility" . Molecular Reproduction and Development, vol. 79, no. 1, 2012, pp. 4-18.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.21393
---------- VANCOUVER ----------
Buffone, M.G., Ijiri, T.W., Cao, W., Merdiushev, T., Aghajanian, H.K., Gerton, G.L. Heads or tails? Structural events and molecular mechanisms that promote mammalian sperm acrosomal exocytosis and motility. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 2012;79(1):4-18.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.21393