Zespół dworsko-parkowy w Rajcy. Przyczynek do historii Polskiej Prowincji Sióstr Misjonarek Apostolstwa Katolickiego (Pallotynki)
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Date
2019
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Wydawnictwo KUL
Abstract
Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia zespół dworsko-parkowy w malowniczo położonej miejscowości Rajca, pomiędzy Nowogródkiem a Baranowiczami na dzisiejszej Białorusi.
Właścicielami tej urokliwej miejscowości byli Dunin-Rajeccy z Koszelewa. To oni wznieśli dwór klasycystyczny z otaczającymi go budynkami gospodarczymi w XVIII-XIX wieku. Wokół dworu rozciągały się cztery hektary ziemi, które stanowiły park regularno-krajobrazowy oraz sad i ogród warzywny.
Córka Franciszka Dunin-Rajeckiego, Ludwika, odziedziczyła Rajcę i wniosła jako wiano do rodziny Wereszczaków, poślubiając Józefa, młodszego brata Maryli, młodzieńczej miłości Adama Mickiewicza. Z tym ożenkiem związany był gruntowny remont dworu ok. połowy XIX wieku.
Kolejny właściciel, Franciszek Wereszczaka w drugiej połowie XIX wieku przekształcił stary drzewostan wokół dworu w piękny park regularno-krajobrazowy, który stanowił największą wartość całego majątku. Rozciągał się na czterech hektarach ziemi wraz z sadem i ogrodem warzywnym.
Po jego śmierci Rajca przeszła w ręce Puttkamerów i Żółtowskich. Ostatni właściciel, hrabia Adam Żółtowski, wykładowca filozofii na Uniwersytecie Poznańskim, oddał majątek Księżom Pallotynom, a ci odsprzedali go siostrom pallotynkom, które do momentu usunięcia przez wojsko niemieckie w 1943 roku były właścicielkami majątku.
Jest to typowy polski dwór klasycystyczny, jednak jeden z niewielu drewnianych zachowanych na tych terenach.
Przy wjeździe do majątku, po prawej stronie od bramy, była usytuowana najprawdopodobniej XIX wieku empirowa, bardzo wydłużona oficyna, która była uważana za starszą od dworu.
Pośród zabudowy w majątku znajdowały się również budynki gospodarcze: stajnia, wozownia, spichlerz, stodoła, dom w ogrodzie, które zostały spalone w czasie wojny w 1943 roku wraz z oficyną.
Pozostał jedynie zniszczony i nieco przebudowany dwór otoczony równie zniszczonym parkiem i słup kamienny z herbem Dunin-Rajeckich, Łabędź, z koroną i łabędziem w klejnocie, na końcu alei w parku.
The article presents a manor house complex situated in the picturesque village of Rajca, between Nowogródek and Baranowicze, in present-day Belarus. The village belonged to the Dunin-Rajecki family from Koszelewo. They built a classicist manor house and outbuildings in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The manor house was surrounded by four hectares of land on which there were formal and landscape gardens, an orchard and a vegetable garden. Franciszek Dunin – Rajecki’s daughter, Ludwika – inherited Rajca and brought it as a dowry to the Wereszczaka family when she married Józef, the younger brother of Adam Mickiewicz’s adolescent love, Maryla. A complete refurbishment of the manor is connected with this marriage in the mid-nineteenth century. In the second half of the 19th century another owner, Franciszek Wereszczaka, transformed the old tree stand around the manor into beautiful formal and landscape gardens, which became the most valuable assets of the entire estate. Together with the orchard and the vegetable garden, they covered four hectares of land. After Franciszek’s death, Rajca was taken over by the Puttkamer and Żółtowski families. The last owner, Count Adam Żółtowski (a professor of philosophy at the University of Poznań), bestowed his estate on the Pallottine Priests, and they sold it to the Pallottine Sisters, who had this estate in their possession until they were removed from it by the German army in 1943. It is a typical Polish classicist manor house, one of only a few wooden ones which survived in these areas. In the nineteenth century, at the entrance to the estate, on the right of the gate, there was probably an extended Empire outbuilding, which was considered to be older than the manor. There were also other outbuildings in the estate: a stable, a coach house, a granary, a barn, and a house in the garden. They all were burnt down during the war in 1943. The only things that remained were a ruined and slightly rebuilt manor house surrounded by the destroyed gardens, and a stone pillar (at the end of the avenue in the park) with the Dunin-Rajecki coat of arms, Łabędź, including a depiction of a crown and a swan.
The article presents a manor house complex situated in the picturesque village of Rajca, between Nowogródek and Baranowicze, in present-day Belarus. The village belonged to the Dunin-Rajecki family from Koszelewo. They built a classicist manor house and outbuildings in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The manor house was surrounded by four hectares of land on which there were formal and landscape gardens, an orchard and a vegetable garden. Franciszek Dunin – Rajecki’s daughter, Ludwika – inherited Rajca and brought it as a dowry to the Wereszczaka family when she married Józef, the younger brother of Adam Mickiewicz’s adolescent love, Maryla. A complete refurbishment of the manor is connected with this marriage in the mid-nineteenth century. In the second half of the 19th century another owner, Franciszek Wereszczaka, transformed the old tree stand around the manor into beautiful formal and landscape gardens, which became the most valuable assets of the entire estate. Together with the orchard and the vegetable garden, they covered four hectares of land. After Franciszek’s death, Rajca was taken over by the Puttkamer and Żółtowski families. The last owner, Count Adam Żółtowski (a professor of philosophy at the University of Poznań), bestowed his estate on the Pallottine Priests, and they sold it to the Pallottine Sisters, who had this estate in their possession until they were removed from it by the German army in 1943. It is a typical Polish classicist manor house, one of only a few wooden ones which survived in these areas. In the nineteenth century, at the entrance to the estate, on the right of the gate, there was probably an extended Empire outbuilding, which was considered to be older than the manor. There were also other outbuildings in the estate: a stable, a coach house, a granary, a barn, and a house in the garden. They all were burnt down during the war in 1943. The only things that remained were a ruined and slightly rebuilt manor house surrounded by the destroyed gardens, and a stone pillar (at the end of the avenue in the park) with the Dunin-Rajecki coat of arms, Łabędź, including a depiction of a crown and a swan.
Description
Tłumaczenie streszczenia w języku angielskim Aneta Kiper.
Keywords
Rajca, rodzina Dunin-Rajeckich, pallotyni, pallotynki, Nowogródek, he Pallottine Sister, the Pallottine Priests, the Dunin-Rajecki family
Citation
"Archiwa, Biblioteki I Muzea Kościelne" 2019, T. 112, s. 277-295