Katecheza a nauczanie religii katolickiej w Polsce
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Date
2018
Authors
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Publisher
Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Abstract
Nauczanie religii w szkole ma w Polsce długą tradycję, jej powrót do szkoły w 1990 roku postawił Kościołowi katolickiemu zadanie dostosowania katechizacji do nowej rzeczywistości oświatowej. Nastąpiła ogromna mobilizacja, aby sprostać temu wyzwaniu. Dzisiaj, po prawie 30 latach, można stwierdzić, iż nauczanie religii w polskiej szkole jest zabezpieczone prawem międzynarodowym i polskim, jest dobrze zorganizowane, ma dobrze wykształconych katechetów i ciągle jest wzbogacane coraz to nowymi programami i podręcznikami. Niemniej wielu biskupów i katechetyków podkreśla, że katecheza parafialna została na marginesie życia kościelnego i czynione są liczne wysiłki, aby ją reaktywować.
Decyzją Konferencji Episkopatu Polski katecheza i nauczanie religii w szkole powinny wzajemnie się uzupełniać. Tak stało się tylko częściowo. Analizując bogaty dorobek katechetyków polskich o nauczaniu religii w szkole widać znajomość doświadczeń innych krajów, w których nauka religii jest w szkole. Odnotować również należy, że katechetycy polscy nie chcą i nie kopiują obcych rozwiązań, gdyż sytuacje w poszczególnych Kościołach są istotnie różne. Stąd raczej powszechnie przyjęli myśl, że szkolne nauczanie religii traktują jako część katechezy, tj. jako specyficzną formę katechezy. I choć katecheza parafialna pozostała na marginesie życia duszpasterskiego, to Kościół katolicki w Polsce poprzez prężnie działające parafie realizuje podstawowe zadania katechezy skupiające się na katechezie sakramentalnej. Rozwijają się zarówno tradycyjne formy katechezy, jak ta głoszona podczas fenomenu pielgrzymowania w Polsce, czy też nowe formy, jak głoszenie katechez w mediach.
Teaching religion in school has a long tradition in Poland, and its return to school in 1990 gave the Catholic Church the task of adapting catechesis to a new educational reality. There was great motivation to meet this challenge. Today, after almost 30 years, it can be said that teaching religion in Poland's schools is protected by international and Polish law, it is well organized, has well-educated catechists and is constantly being enriched with new programs and textbooks. Nevertheless, many bishops and catechists emphasize that parish catechesis has been left on the margins of ecclesiastical life and many efforts are being made to reactivate it. By decision of the Polish Episcopate Conference, catechesis and religious education in school should complement each other. This has only partially happened. Analyzing the rich achievements of Poland's catechists in teaching religion in school, we can see similar experiences in other countries in which religion is taught in school. It should also be noted that Polish catechists do not want to copy foreign solutions, because the situations in individual Churches are significantly different. That is why they accepted the idea that religion in school be treated as part of catechesis, i.e. as a specific form of catechesis. Although parish catechesis has remained on the margins of pastoral life, the Catholic Church in Poland, through thriving parishes, carries out the basic tasks of catechesis focusing on sacramental catechesis. Traditional forms of catechesis are also developing, for example, the one proclaimed during the phenomenon of going on pilgrimages in Poland, or newer forms like preaching catechesis in the media.
Teaching religion in school has a long tradition in Poland, and its return to school in 1990 gave the Catholic Church the task of adapting catechesis to a new educational reality. There was great motivation to meet this challenge. Today, after almost 30 years, it can be said that teaching religion in Poland's schools is protected by international and Polish law, it is well organized, has well-educated catechists and is constantly being enriched with new programs and textbooks. Nevertheless, many bishops and catechists emphasize that parish catechesis has been left on the margins of ecclesiastical life and many efforts are being made to reactivate it. By decision of the Polish Episcopate Conference, catechesis and religious education in school should complement each other. This has only partially happened. Analyzing the rich achievements of Poland's catechists in teaching religion in school, we can see similar experiences in other countries in which religion is taught in school. It should also be noted that Polish catechists do not want to copy foreign solutions, because the situations in individual Churches are significantly different. That is why they accepted the idea that religion in school be treated as part of catechesis, i.e. as a specific form of catechesis. Although parish catechesis has remained on the margins of pastoral life, the Catholic Church in Poland, through thriving parishes, carries out the basic tasks of catechesis focusing on sacramental catechesis. Traditional forms of catechesis are also developing, for example, the one proclaimed during the phenomenon of going on pilgrimages in Poland, or newer forms like preaching catechesis in the media.
Description
ORCID: 0000-0003-3076-6878
Keywords
katecheza, nauczanie religii w szkole, pielgrzymowanie, mass media, catechesis, teaching religion in school, pilgrimages, mass media
Citation
"Roczniki Teologiczne", 2018, T. 65, nr 10, s. 17-34