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Lessons Learned from Numerical Simulations of the F-16XL Aircraft at Flight ConditionsNine groups participating in the Cranked Arrow Wing Aerodynamics Project International (CAWAPI) project have contributed steady and unsteady viscous simulations of a full-scale, semi-span model of the F-16XL aircraft. Three different categories of flight Reynolds/Mach number combinations were computed and compared with flight-test measurements for the purpose of code validation and improved understanding of the flight physics. Steady-state simulations are done with several turbulence models of different complexity with no topology information required and which overcome Boussinesq-assumption problems in vortical flows. Detached-eddy simulation (DES) and its successor delayed detached-eddy simulation (DDES) have been used to compute the time accurate flow development. Common structured and unstructured grids as well as individually-adapted unstructured grids were used. Although discrepancies are observed in the comparisons, overall reasonable agreement is demonstrated for surface pressure distribution, local skin friction and boundary velocity profiles at subsonic speeds. The physical modeling, steady or unsteady, and the grid resolution both contribute to the discrepancies observed in the comparisons with flight data, but at this time it cannot be determined how much each part contributes to the whole. Overall it can be said that the technology readiness of CFD-simulation technology for the study of vehicle performance has matured since 2001 such that it can be used today with a reasonable level of confidence for complex configurations.
Document ID
20090017846
Acquisition Source
Langley Research Center
Document Type
Preprint (Draft being sent to journal)
External Source(s)
doi:10.2514/1.35698
Authors
Rizzi, Arthur (Royal Inst. of Tech. Stockholm, Sweden)
Jirasek, Adam (Swedish Defence Research Establishment Stockholm, Sweden)
Lamar, John (NASA Langley Research Center Hampton, VA, United States)
Crippa, Simone (Royal Inst. of Tech. Stockholm, Sweden)
Badcock, Kenneth (Liverpool Univ. United Kingdom)
Boelens, Oklo (National Aerospace Lab. Amsterdam, Netherlands)
Date Acquired
August 24, 2013
Publication Date
January 1, 2009
Publication Information
Publication: Journal of Aircraft 2009
Publisher: American Inst. of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Volume: 46
Issue: 2
ISSN: 0021-8669
Subject Category
Fluid Mechanics And Thermodynamics
Report/Patent Number
LF99-7384
Funding Number(s)
WBS: WBS 526282.01.07.04.01.
Distribution Limits
Public
Copyright
Public Use Permitted.

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