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Adjoint-Based Design of Rotors using the Navier-Stokes Equations in a Noninertial Reference FrameOptimization of rotorcraft flowfields using an adjoint method generally requires a time-dependent implementation of the equations. The current study examines an intermediate approach in which a subset of rotor flowfields are cast as steady problems in a noninertial reference frame. This technique permits the use of an existing steady-state adjoint formulation with minor modifications to perform sensitivity analyses. The formulation is valid for isolated rigid rotors in hover or where the freestream velocity is aligned with the axis of rotation. Discrete consistency of the implementation is demonstrated using comparisons with a complex-variable technique, and a number of single- and multi-point optimizations for the rotorcraft figure of merit function are shown for varying blade collective angles. Design trends are shown to remain consistent as the grid is refined.
Document ID
20090022383
Acquisition Source
Langley Research Center
Document Type
Other
Authors
Nielsen, Eric J. (NASA Langley Research Center Hampton, VA, United States)
Lee-Rausch, Elizabeth M. (NASA Langley Research Center Hampton, VA, United States)
Jones, William T. (NASA Langley Research Center Hampton, VA, United States)
Date Acquired
August 24, 2013
Publication Date
May 27, 2009
Subject Category
Aeronautics (General)
Report/Patent Number
LF99-8473
Meeting Information
Meeting: AHS International 65th Forum and Technology Display
Location: Grapevine, TX
Country: United States
Start Date: May 27, 2009
End Date: May 29, 2009
Sponsors: American Helicopter Society, Inc.
Funding Number(s)
WBS: WBS 877868.02.07.07.09.02
Distribution Limits
Public
Copyright
Work of the US Gov. Public Use Permitted.

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