Background elimination and interferometric capability in optical coherence tomography by a nonlinear optical gating based on type-II second-harmonic generation

A novel method that uses nonlinear optical gating to control background illumination in optical coherence tomography is presented. With this method, the user can adjust the amount of undesired backscattering or eliminate it completely, which enables dark-field measurements. The interferometric capability of the method in a nonlinear optical regime is demonstrated with the coupling of three overlapping input waves to yield Fizeau fringes. The measurement of a 265 nm step is performed to validate this method, which was originally conceived for 3D MEMS characterization.