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Critical behavior in light nuclear systems. I. Experimental aspects

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Ma, Y.G. Keutgen, Thomas [UCL] El Masri, Youssef [UCL]

(eng) An extensive experimental survey of the features of the disassembly of a small quasi-projectile system with $A \sim$ 36, produced in the reactions of 47 MeV/nucleon $^{40}$Ar + $^{27}$Al, $^{48}$Ti and $^{58}$Ni, has been carried out. Nuclei in the excitation energy range of 1-9 MeV/u have been investigated employing a new method to reconstruct the quasi-projectile source. At an excitation energy $\sim$ 5.6 MeV/nucleon many observables indicate the presence of maximal fluctuations in the de-excitation processes. The fragment topological structure shows that the rank sorted fragments obey Zipf's law at the point of largest fluctuations providing another indication of a liquid gas phase transition. The caloric curve for this system shows a monotonic increase of temperature with excitation energy and no apparent plateau. The temperature at the point of maximal fluctuations is $8.3 \pm 0.5$ MeV. Taking this temperature as the critical temperature and employing the caloric curve information we have extracted the critical exponents $\beta$, $\gamma$ and $\sigma$ from the data. Their values are also consistent with the values of the universality class of the liquid gas phase transition. Taken together, this body of evidence strongly suggests a phase change in an equilibrated mesoscopic system at, or extremely close to, the critical point. Comment: Physical Review C, in press; some discussions about the validity of excitation energy in peripheral collisions have been added; 24 pages and 32 figures; longer abstract in the preprint

Document type Article de périodique (Journal article)
Access type Accès libre
Publication date 2004
Journal information "Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics)" - Vol. C71, p. 054606 (2005)
Peer reviewed yes
e-issn 1089-490X
issn 0556-2813
Publication status Publié
Affiliations UCL - SC/PHYS - Département de physique
UCL - MD/ESP - Ecole de santé publique
Keywords Nuclear Experiment ; Nuclear Theory
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Bibliographic reference Ma, Y.G. ; Keutgen, Thomas ; El Masri, Youssef ; et. al. Critical behavior in light nuclear systems. I. Experimental aspects. In: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics), Vol. C71, p. 054606 (2005)
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