Relaciones y definiciones de pertenencia en los conjuntos oficialistas o bases de sustentación activa de Lula (2002-2006) y Kirchner (2003-2007): principales argumentos
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2013
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Facultad de Ciencia Política y Relaciones Internacionales - Universidad Nacional de Rosario
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[es] A partir de un marco conceptual que postula un
escenario político-electoral marcado por identidades
políticas fluctuantes y transformaciones
en los partidos políticos, este trabajo presenta
distintos argumentos acerca de las definiciones
de pertenencia, las dinámicas internas y las relaciones
mutuas y con el gobierno que establecían
distintas organizaciones integradas dentro de
dos conjuntos oficialistas: los formados en torno
a los presidentes Néstor Kirchner (2003-2007)
y Luiz Inácio Lula Da Silva (primer mandato:
2002-2006). Dado que pensar a estas dos bases
de sustentación activa y organizada en términos
de partido oficial o coalición de partidos implicaría
una reducción forzada de la amplia heterogeneidad
de organizaciones y espacios que
conformaban la órbita política organizada de
ambos líderes, se propone un abordaje a través
del concepto de oficialismo. A partir de la decisión
de orientar el análisis a la cuestión de las
definiciones identitarias y de pertenencia al conjunto
oficialista para comprender su dinámica
interna, se ha optado, asimismo, por no estudiar
al oficialismo sobre la base de una perspectiva
de funcionamiento institucionalizado de las coaliciones
de gobierno –que además se perfilaría
inadecuada para abordar los contextos de representación
brasilero y argentino en esos años–
sino guiándonos por otro propósito: el deseo de
comprender en profundidad, y a través de un trabajo
empírico, las características de las bases de
sustentación organizada que se conformaron en
torno a los presidentes Néstor Kirchner y Luiz
Inácio Lula Da Silva, a través del testimonio de
entrevistados pertenecientes a distintas organizaciones
y espacios oficialistas. Se distinguen
para su análisis tres sectores dentro del conjunto
oficialista: organizaciones sociales, centrales
sindicales, “espacio partidario”.
[en] Based on a a conceptual frame that diagnoses a scenario of fluctuating political identities and transformed political parties, this paper presents some arguments about the ways organizations, networks and groups defined their belonging to a government supporting ensemble [oficialismo] in Lula’s Brazil (2002-2006) and Néstor Kirchner’s Argentina (2003-2007), the internal dynamics, the sort of relationships they established with other actors within the oficialismo, and how they bonded with the government. I argue that analyzing these two active and organized government supporting ensembles by using the terms party in office or partisan coalition would be to forcefully reduce the heterogeneous variety of organizations and groups that composed the organized political orbit of both leaders. Therefore, the paper proposes an approach through the concept of oficialismo. I have opted not to study these ensembles from a institutionalist perspective of how government coalitions function. Not only because such an approach would prove to be inadequate to understand the Brazilian and Argentinian political representation contexts in those years. But also because the thesis is guided by another purpose –it wishes to comprehend in depth, through empirical work and based on the testimony of their own actors, the prime features of two government supporting ensembles. Three government supporting sectors are defined in both cases: social organizations, national labor federations and what I have called the “partisan space”
[en] Based on a a conceptual frame that diagnoses a scenario of fluctuating political identities and transformed political parties, this paper presents some arguments about the ways organizations, networks and groups defined their belonging to a government supporting ensemble [oficialismo] in Lula’s Brazil (2002-2006) and Néstor Kirchner’s Argentina (2003-2007), the internal dynamics, the sort of relationships they established with other actors within the oficialismo, and how they bonded with the government. I argue that analyzing these two active and organized government supporting ensembles by using the terms party in office or partisan coalition would be to forcefully reduce the heterogeneous variety of organizations and groups that composed the organized political orbit of both leaders. Therefore, the paper proposes an approach through the concept of oficialismo. I have opted not to study these ensembles from a institutionalist perspective of how government coalitions function. Not only because such an approach would prove to be inadequate to understand the Brazilian and Argentinian political representation contexts in those years. But also because the thesis is guided by another purpose –it wishes to comprehend in depth, through empirical work and based on the testimony of their own actors, the prime features of two government supporting ensembles. Three government supporting sectors are defined in both cases: social organizations, national labor federations and what I have called the “partisan space”
Palabras clave
Partidos políticos, Brasil, Argentina, Silva, Luiz Inácio Lula, Kirchner, Néstor, Political paties, Brazil