Pragmatism and popular science : rhetoric, refutation, and rationalism in contemporary science outreach

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2018-08-13

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Smyczek, Jeremy Paul

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Abstract

This dissertation explores the relationship among popular science books, rhetorical scholarship on scientific discourse, and the American pragmatist tradition in rhetorical scholarship. I principally argue three points: that rhetorical research into science offers rhetorical pragmatists vocabularies and techniques for understanding how pragmatism can be articulated as a theory of discourse; that rhetorical pragmatism offers rhetoricians of science a theory of scientific participation in democratic cultures; and finally, that both traditions can be instructive for training new science rhetors on crafting inclusive public outreach. Through reading popular science books by the authors Sam Harris, Kenneth Miller, and Jonathan Haidt, analyzing the refutational structure of their arguments, and then conducting detailed examinations of how the books have been received, the study identifies a mismatch between scientists’ stated goals of persuading skeptical audiences and the effects of exacerbating interdisciplinary strife, affirming agreement among like-minded readers, and missing or alienating those resistant to scientific consensus. I recommend a form of outreach based in John Dewey’s commitment to experiential education and discussion over arguments from authority and antagonistic debate.

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