Entraînement excentrique des rotateurs d'épaule

In this study, we have investigated the influence of the installation on the dynamometer and of the mode of contraction used during a rotator cuff muscle training.

24 subjects were divided into 3 groups. Two groups of 8 subjects performed a training of the Internal Rotators (IR) in concentric mode (60°/s and 240°/s) and of the External Rotators in eccentric mode (60°/s). The first group was trained at 45° of abduction; the second was trained at 90° of abduction. The third group did not perform any shoulder training. All patients were assessed thanks to the isokinetic device ((3) x 60°/s concentric – (5) x 240°/s concentric – (4) x 60°/s eccentric) before and after training. Only the group trained at 45° of abduction increased the isokinetic maximal peak torque (+ p) in concentric mode during the second isokinetic assessment. No subject showed improvement through the eccentric exercise. They also improved the throw of the ball (+ 8.5 %). Possible feeling of discomfort and signs of subacromial conflict explained that no progression was recorded after training at 90° of abduction. Likewise, the eccentric mode would major the inhibition limiting the strength increase. Even if 90° of abduction seems more specific for assessment, 45° of abduction is more suitable for training.