Doctoral thesis (Dissertations and theses)
Etude des potentialités hydrogéologiques d’une plaine alluviale en relation avec les eaux souterraines et de surface dans un contexte d’agriculture irriguée (Burkina Faso)
Sauret, Elie
2013
 

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Keywords :
Kou alluvial plain; Geomorphology; Hydrogeochemistry; Geophysic; Interaction river-groundwater; Conceptual model; Seepage meter; Water channel budget; Burkina Faso; Plaine alluviale du Kou; Géomorphologie; Hydrochimie; Géophysique; Interaction rivière - eaux souterraines; Modèle Conceptuel
Abstract :
[en] The Kou river, located in the south-west of Burkina Faso, is intensively exploited for crop irrigation. However, groundwater of the alluvial plain of the Kou river could constitute an alternative to surface water for crop irrigation during the dry season. The objective of the present thesis is to study the alluvial aquifer of the Kou river using a approach for (i) characterizing the physical and the hydrodynamic properties of the alluvial plain, (ii) quantifying inflow and outflow in the alluvial plain, (iii) quantifying exchanged fluxes between the alluvial plain and the other reservoirs such as the Kou river and the sedimentary bedrock aquifer, and finally, (iv) calculating a groundwater balance for the alluvial plain for evaluating the volume of water available for crop irrigation. The study of the map showing the lateral and vertical heterogeneity of the alluvial plain indicates that its width is about 300 to 500 m on each side of the Kou river downstream of the Nasso/Guinguette springs. While in the centre of the catchment, the alluvial plain is constituted of clay and sand with a maximum thickness of 15 m, downstream of the catchment, the alluvial plain is constituted of clay, laterite, and weathered bedrock with a thickness of 15 to 45 m. The clayey-sandy sediments in the centre of the catchment constitute a low permeable aquifer (K=10-5 m/s) drained by the Kou river all over the year (gaining section of the river). Conversely, the sediments downstream of the catchment constitute a shallow relatively permeable aquifer (K=10-4 m/s) that drains the Kou river all over the year (losing section of the river). Water exchange between the alluvial plain and the Kou river has been quantified by water balances performed for several sections of the Kou river. Additionally, gaining and losing sections of the Kou river have been determined by direct measurements performed with seepage meters. The hydrochemical analyses performed on samples from tke Kou river, the bedrock, and the springs have shown that (i) groundwater is exchanged between the alluvial plain and the bedrock, and that (ii) Kou river is directly fed by the bedrock or indirectly through springs and alluvial plain, this power supply is facilitated by the system of fractures. The alluvial plain of the Kou river is a groundwater reservoir with a storage-drainage function. During the dry season, the alluvial plain stores groundwater coming from the bedrock and discharges it into the Kou river. Conversely, downstream of the catchment, the Kou river is drained by the alluvial plain that stores of important water resources intensively exploited for crop irrigation.
Research center :
GEO3 - Hydrogéologie et géologie de l'environnement
Disciplines :
Geological, petroleum & mining engineering
Author, co-author :
Sauret, Elie ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Doct. sc. ingé. (architecture, génie civ. & géol.)
Language :
French
Title :
Etude des potentialités hydrogéologiques d’une plaine alluviale en relation avec les eaux souterraines et de surface dans un contexte d’agriculture irriguée (Burkina Faso)
Defense date :
13 June 2013
Number of pages :
215
Institution :
ULiège - Université de Liège
Degree :
Doctorat en sciences de l'ingénieur
Promotor :
Brouyère, Serge  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Urban and Environmental Engineering
Dassargues, Alain  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Urban and Environmental Engineering
Biaou, Angelbert
President :
Nguyen, Frédéric ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Urban and Environmental Engineering
Jury member :
Tychon, Bernard ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Sphères
Derouane, Johan
Gombert, Philippe
Name of the research project :
Projet Eaux Souterraines :" gestion et protection des ressources en eau souterraine exploitées dans la région de Bobo Dioulasso (Burkina Faso)"
Funders :
WBI - Wallonie-Bruxelles International [BE]
Commentary :
Document à ne reproduire sous aucune forme, intégralement ou partiellement sans autorisation de l'auteur.
Available on ORBi :
since 09 July 2013

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