ephemerides; planets and satellites: detection; planets and satellites: fundamental parameters; stars: fundamental parameters; Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract :
[en] Context. The detection of a super-Earth and three mini-Neptunes transiting the bright (V = 9.2 mag) star HD 108236 (also known as TOI-1233) was recently reported on the basis of TESS and ground-based light curves. <BR /> Aims: We perform a first characterisation of the HD 108236 planetary system through high-precision CHEOPS photometry and improve the transit ephemerides and system parameters. <BR /> Methods: We characterise the host star through spectroscopic analysis and derive the radius with the infrared flux method. We constrain the stellar mass and age by combining the results obtained from two sets of stellar evolutionary tracks. We analyse the available TESS light curves and one CHEOPS transit light curve for each known planet in the system. <BR /> Results: We find that HD 108236 is a Sun-like star with R[SUB]⋆[/SUB] = 0.877 ± 0.008 R[SUB]⊙[/SUB], M[SUB]⋆[/SUB] = 0.869[SUB]-0.048[/SUB][SUP]+0.050[/SUP] M[SUB]⊙[/SUB], and an age of 6.7[SUB]-5.1[/SUB][SUP]+4.0[/SUP] Gyr. We report the serendipitous detection of an additional planet, HD 108236 f, in one of the CHEOPS light curves. For this planet, the combined analysis of the TESS and CHEOPS light curves leads to a tentative orbital period of about 29.5 days. From the light curve analysis, we obtain radii of 1.615 ± 0.051, 2.071 ± 0.052, 2.539[SUB]-0.065[/SUB][SUP]+0.062[/SUP], 3.083 ± 0.052, and 2.017[SUB]-0.057[/SUB][SUP]+0.052[/SUP] R[SUB]⊕[/SUB] for planets HD 108236 b to HD 108236 f, respectively. These values are in agreement with previous TESS-based estimates, but with an improved precision of about a factor of two. We perform a stability analysis of the system, concluding that the planetary orbits most likely have eccentricities smaller than 0.1. We also employ a planetary atmospheric evolution framework to constrain the masses of the five planets, concluding that HD 108236 b and HD 108236 c should have an Earth-like density, while the outer planets should host a low mean molecular weight envelope. <BR /> Conclusions: The detection of the fifth planet makes HD 108236 the third system brighter than V = 10 mag to host more than four transiting planets. The longer time span enables us to significantly improve the orbital ephemerides such that the uncertainty on the transit times will be of the order of minutes for the years to come. A comparison of the results obtained from the TESS and CHEOPS light curves indicates that for a V ~ 9 mag solar-like star and a transit signal of ~500 ppm, one CHEOPS transit light curve ensures the same level of photometric precision as eight TESS transits combined, although this conclusion depends on the length and position of the gaps in the light curve. <P />Light curves are only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr</A> (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/646/A157">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/646/A157</A>
Research center :
STAR - Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research - ULiège
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Bonfanti, A.; Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Schmiedlstrasse 6, 8042, Graz, Austria
Delrez, Laetitia ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Exotic
Hooton, M. J.; Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Gesellsschaftstrasse 6, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
Wilson, T. G.; School of Physics and Astronomy, Physical Science Building, North Haugh, St Andrews, UK
Fossati, L.; Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Schmiedlstrasse 6, 8042, Graz, Austria
Alibert, Y.; Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Gesellsschaftstrasse 6, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
Hoyer, S.; Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, France
Mustill, A. J.; Lund Observatory, Dept. of Astronomy and Theorical Physics, Lund University, Box 43, 22100, Lund, Sweden
Osborn, H. P.; NCCR/PlanetS, Centre for Space & Habitability, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland ; Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
Adibekyan, V.; Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762, Porto, Portugal
Gandolfi, D.; INAF, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, via Osservatorio 20, 10025, Pino Torinese, Italy
Salmon, Sébastien ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Astrophysique stellaire théorique et astérosismologie
Sousa, S. G.; Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762, Porto, Portugal
Van Grootel, Valérie ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Astrophysique stellaire théorique et astérosismologie
Cabrera, J.; Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Rutherfordstrasse 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
Maxted, P. F. L.; Astrophysics Group, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK
Barros, S. C. C.; Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762, Porto, Portugal ; Departamento de Física e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
Billot, N.; Observatoire de Genève, Université de Genève, Chemin des Maillettes 51, 1290, Sauverny, Switzerland
Bonfils, X.; Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, 38000, Grenoble, France
Broeg, C.; Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Gesellsschaftstrasse 6, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
Davies, M. B.; Lund Observatory, Dept. of Astronomy and Theorical Physics, Lund University, Box 43, 22100, Lund, Sweden
Deleuil, M.; Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, France
Demangeon, O. D. S.; Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, France ; Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762, Porto, Portugal
Fridlund, M.; Leiden Observatory, University of Leiden, PO Box 9513, 2300, RA Leiden, The Netherlands ; Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, 43992, Onsala, Sweden
Lacedelli, G.; Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "Galileo Galilei", Universià degli Studi di Padova, Vicolo dell'Osservatorio 3, 35122, Padova, Italy ; INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell'Osservatorio 5, 35122, Padova, Italy
Lendl, M.; Observatoire de Genève, Université de Genève, Chemin des Maillettes 51, 1290, Sauverny, Switzerland
Persson, C.; Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, 43992, Onsala, Sweden
Santos, N. C.; Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762, Porto, Portugal ; Departamento de Física e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
Scandariato, G.; INAF, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy
Szabó, Gy M.; ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Gothard Astrophysical Observatory, 9700, Szombathely, Szent Imre h. u. 112, Hungary ; MTA-ELTE Exoplanet Research Group, 9700, Szombathely, Szent Imre h. u. 112, Hungary
Collier Cameron, A.; School of Physics and Astronomy, Physical Science Building, North Haugh, St Andrews, UK
Udry, S.; Observatoire de Genève, Université de Genève, Chemin des Maillettes 51, 1290, Sauverny, Switzerland
Benz, W.; Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Gesellsschaftstrasse 6, 3012, Bern, Switzerland ; Center for Space and Habitability, Gesellsschaftstrasse 6, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
Beck, M.; Observatoire de Genève, Université de Genève, Chemin des Maillettes 51, 1290, Sauverny, Switzerland
Ehrenreich, D.; Observatoire de Genève, Université de Genève, Chemin des Maillettes 51, 1290, Sauverny, Switzerland
Fortier, A.; Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Gesellsschaftstrasse 6, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
Isaak, K. G.; ESTEC, European Space Agency, Keplerlaan 1, 2201, AZ Noordwijk, The Netherlands
Queloz, D.; Observatoire de Genève, Université de Genève, Chemin des Maillettes 51, 1290, Sauverny, Switzerland ; Astrophysics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, J.J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0He, UK
Alonso, R.; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38200, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain ; Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
Asquier, J.; ESTEC, European Space Agency, Keplerlaan 1, 2201, AZ Noordwijk, The Netherlands
Bandy, T.; Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Gesellsschaftstrasse 6, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
Bárczy, T.; Admatis, Miskok, Hungary
Barrado, D.; Depto. de Astrofísica, Centro de Astrobiologia (CSIC-INTA), ESAC campus, 28692, Villanueva de la Cãda (Madrid), Spain
Barragán, O.; Sub-department of Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RH, UK
Baumjohann, W.; Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Schmiedlstrasse 6, 8042, Graz, Austria
Beck, T.; Center for Space and Habitability, Gesellsschaftstrasse 6, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
Bekkelien, A.; Observatoire de Genève, Université de Genève, Chemin des Maillettes 51, 1290, Sauverny, Switzerland
Bergomi, M.; INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell'Osservatorio 5, 35122, Padova, Italy
Brandeker, A.; Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
Busch, M.-D.; Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Gesellsschaftstrasse 6, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
Cessa, V.; Center for Space and Habitability, Gesellsschaftstrasse 6, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
Charnoz, S.; Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), 1 rue Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
Chazelas, B.; Observatoire de Genève, Université de Genève, Chemin des Maillettes 51, 1290, Sauverny, Switzerland
Corral Van Damme, C.; ESTEC, European Space Agency, Keplerlaan 1, 2201, AZ Noordwijk, The Netherlands
Demory, B.-O.; Center for Space and Habitability, Gesellsschaftstrasse 6, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
Erikson, A.; Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Rutherfordstrasse 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
Michaelis, H.; Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Rutherfordstrasse 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
Munari, M.; INAF, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy
Olofsson, G.; Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
Ottacher, H.; Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Schmiedlstrasse 6, 8042, Graz, Austria
Ottensamer, R.; University of Vienna, Department of Astrophysics, Türkenschanzstrasse 17, 1180, Vienna, Austria
Pagano, I.; INAF, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy
Pallé, E.; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38200, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain ; Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
Peter, G.; Institute of Optical Sensor Systems, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Rutherfordstr. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
Piazza, D.; Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Gesellsschaftstrasse 6, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
Piotto, G.; Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "Galileo Galilei", Universià degli Studi di Padova, Vicolo dell'Osservatorio 3, 35122, Padova, Italy ; INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell'Osservatorio 5, 35122, Padova, Italy
Pollacco, D.; Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
Rando, N.; ESTEC, European Space Agency, Keplerlaan 1, 2201, AZ Noordwijk, The Netherlands
Ratti, F.; ESTEC, European Space Agency, Keplerlaan 1, 2201, AZ Noordwijk, The Netherlands
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