| Abstract |
According to the four phases theory of early agriculture based on the demic expansion theory, rice agriculture is said to have spread to northern Kyushu via mainland Asia. In particular, during the fo...urth wave of early agricultural diffusion, irrigated rice agriculture spread from southern Korea to northern Kyushu. During this fourth spread of early agriculture, two different diffusion routes from southern Korea to northern Kyushu existed between the Yusu 1 and Yusu 2 periods due to cooler climatic conditions. Evidence for these two separate routes can be seen in differences in the distribution of two kinds of burial systems and two kinds of polished stone daggers. The first spread from the Namgang River area of southern Korea to the Karatsu and Itoshima Plains in northern Kyushu during the 9th and 8th centuries BC. At the same time, tropical Japonica rice spread mainly to the Karatsu Plain from southern Korea along with rice paddies, agricultural tools and dolmens. The second spread from the lower Nakdonggang area to the Fukuoka Plain during the 7th and 6th centuries BC. At this time, a wooden coffin burial system and moated settlements appeared on the Fukuoka Plain. It is probable that temperate Japonica rice spread at this time. This is because rice seeds dating to between the 6th and 5th centuries BC discovered at Arita Site, Fukuoka City, were proven to be temperate Japonica through the DNA analysis and size variation analysis of charred rice grains. It is believed that the second wave also triggered the production of the Itazuke pottery style on the Fukuoka Plain. The Itazuke Pottery style spread to western Japan between the 6th and 5th centuries BC. This is the beginning of the Yayoi period in Japan.show more
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