Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://hdl.handle.net/2440/72423
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Type: | Journal article |
Title: | Epistemic trust: modeling children's reasoning about others' knowledge and intent |
Author: | Shafto, P. Eaves, B. Navarro, D. Perfors, A. |
Citation: | Developmental Science, 2012; 15(3):436-447 |
Publisher: | Wiley-Blackwell Publishing |
Issue Date: | 2012 |
ISSN: | 1363-755X 1467-7687 |
Statement of Responsibility: | Patrick Shafto, Baxter Eaves, Daniel J. Navarro and Amy Perfors |
Abstract: | A core assumption of many theories of development is that children can learn indirectly from other people. However, indirect experience (or testimony) is not constrained to provide veridical information. As a result, if children are to capitalize on this source of knowledge, they must be able to infer who is trustworthy and who is not. How might a learner make such inferences while at the same time learning about the world? What biases, if any, might children bring to this problem? We address these questions with a computational model of epistemic trust in which learners reason about the helpfulness and knowledgeability of an informant. We show that the model captures the competencies shown by young children in four areas: (1) using informants’ accuracy to infer how much to trust them; (2) using informants’ recent accuracy to overcome effects of familiarity; (3) inferring trust based on consensus among informants; and (4) using information about mal-intent to decide not to trust. The model also explains developmental changes in performance between 3 and 4 years of age as a result of changing default assumptions about the helpfulness of other people. |
Keywords: | Humans Communication Deception Child Development Intention Trust Learning Social Perception Concept Formation Judgment Algorithms Models, Psychological Child, Preschool Psychology, Child |
Rights: | © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. |
DOI: | 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2012.01135.x |
Published version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7687.2012.01135.x |
Appears in Collections: | Aurora harvest 7 Psychology publications |
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hdl_72423.pdf | Accepted version | 277.45 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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