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Equivocal carbonatite markers in the mantle xenoliths of the Patagonia backarc: the Gobernador Gregores case (Santa Cruz Province, Argentina)

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Abstract

Amphibole ± phlogopite ± apatite-bearing mantle xenoliths at Gobernador Gregores display modal, bulk-rock and phase geochemical characteristics held as indicators of carbonatitic metasomatism. However, part of these xenoliths has high TiO2/Al2O3 and those displaying the most pronounced carbonatitic geochemical markers modally trend towards harzburgite. Bulk-rock, clinopyroxene and amphibole show Zr, Hf and Ti negative anomalies, which increase at decreasing Na2O and high field strength elements (HFSE) concentrations. Steady variation trends between xenoliths which have and do not have carbonatitic characteristics suggest a control by reactive porous flow of only one agent, inferred to be initially a ne-normative hydrous basalt (because of the presence of wehrlites) evolving towards silica saturation. Variation trends exhibit cusps when amphibole appears in the mode. Appearance of amphibole may explain the Ti anomaly variations, but not those of Zr and Hf. Numerical modelling [Plate Model (Vernières et al. in J Geophys Res 102:24771–24784, 1997)] gives results consistent with the observed geochemical features by assuming the presence of loveringite. Modest HFSE anomalies in the infiltrating melt may be acquired during percolation in the garnet-facies.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the FOMICRUZ agency and R. Barrenechea for the facilities and help they provided during the field work in Patagonia. Jean-Louis Bodinier is greatly thanked for having kindly provided the Plate Model software. We gratefully acknowledge the constructive revisions by M. Grégoire and M. Menzies. This research was financially supported by MURST (COFIN 1998 and 2000), CRN and CNR-CONICET joint programmes.

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  1. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, P.le S. Eufemia, 19, 41100, Modena, Italy

    Giorgio Rivalenti & Maurizio Mazzucchelli

  2. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Pavia and CNR, Instituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse, Sezione di Pavia, Via Ferrata, 1, 27100, Pavia, Italy

    Alberto Zanetti & Riccardo Vannucci

  3. Centro de Investigaciones Geológicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 644 Calle No. 1, 1900, La Plata, Argentina

    Carlos A. Cingolani

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  1. Giorgio Rivalenti
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Correspondence to Giorgio Rivalenti.

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In memory of Carlo Rivalenti

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Rivalenti, G., Zanetti, A., Mazzucchelli, M. et al. Equivocal carbonatite markers in the mantle xenoliths of the Patagonia backarc: the Gobernador Gregores case (Santa Cruz Province, Argentina). Contrib Mineral Petrol 147, 647–670 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-004-0582-2

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