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Genesis of an exotic platinum-group-mineral-rich and Mg-poor chromitite in the Kevitsa Ni-Cu-platinum-group-elements deposit

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Abstract

This paper offers the first-ever study of a local chromitite stringer (~ 2 cm wide) enriched in platinum-group elements (PGE) from the Kevitsa Ni-Cu-PGE deposit. Chromite forming this chromitite is rich in Cr2O3 (29.06 ̶ 37.17 wt%) and FeO (FeOtotal = 45.88 ̶ 56.06 wt%) and low in MgO (0.04 ̶ 0.91 wt%). The chromitite host an unusual set of mineral inclusions including: (1) platinum-group minerals of the laurite-erlichmanite (RuS2-OsS2) solid solution series, irarsite (IrAsS), sperrylite (PtAs2), hollingworthite (RhAsS), anduoite [(Ru, Os)As2], kotulskite (PdTe) and As-, Te-, Os-, and Ru- bearing unidentified phases; (2) exsolution-lamellae of ilmenite and ulvöspinel along with chromite (111) and (100) planes, respectively; (3) silicates including crystallographically-oriented biotite, euhedral pyroxene and irregular-shaped amphiboles which tend to follow chromite growth planes, and (4) Fe-oxides, pyrrhotite, pentlandite, galena, barite, apatite, and native gold. Intercumulus minerals are microcrystalline Mg-rich biotite and minor amphibole. Pyroxenes (diopside) located immediately above the chromitite stringer exhibit higher CaO (23.02 ̶ 25.42 wt%) and Na2O (0.16 ̶ 0.55 wt%) than pyroxenes (augite) located below. We suggest that chromite saturation in the mafic melt was caused by local assimilation of a small pelitic xenolith. The xenolith also provided K and H2O explaining the occurrence of K-and volatile-rich intercumulus phases. Crystallization of chromite in this environment promoted preferential sequestering of Ir and Ru, and to a lesser extent Os, from the parental magma giving rise to an anomalous iridium-group-PGE (IPGE: Ir, Ru, and Os) enrichment.

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Acknowledgments

We wish to thank the assistance with electron probe micro-analyzer to X. Llovet from Serveis Cientifico-Técnics (CCiTUB) of the Universidad de Barcelona as well as A. Fernandez Larios from Centro Nacional de Microscopía Electrónica (ICTS Microscopy. Universidad Complutense de Madrid). Moreover, we would like to express our gratitude to I.Sánchez from the Centro de Instrumentación Científica (CIC, Granada) for her supporting of the scanning electron microscope. The authors extensively appreciate the Kirsi Luolavirta, Louise Schoneveld, and an anonymous expert whose valuable, profound, and constructive reviews helped to further improvement of the manuscript. This research has been financed by the research fund available from the Departamento de Mineralogía y Petrología from the Universidad de Granada corresponding to the Spanish project RTI2018-099157-A-I00, granted by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades as well as the grant PRE2019-088262: Ayudas para contratos predoctorales para la formación de doctores (FPI), defrayed by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades.

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  1. Departamento de Mineralogía y Petrología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva s/n, 18002, Granada, Spain

    Igor González-Pérez, Fernando Gervilla & José M. González-Jiménez

  2. Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra (IACT), CSIC–UGR, Avda. de las Palmeras 4, 18100, Granada, Armilla, Spain

    Fernando Gervilla & José M. González-Jiménez

  3. Mineral Research Kari Kojonen, Kustavi, Finland

    Kari Kojonen

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  3. José M. González-Jiménez
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Correspondence to Igor González-Pérez.

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González-Pérez, I., Gervilla, F., González-Jiménez, J.M. et al. Genesis of an exotic platinum-group-mineral-rich and Mg-poor chromitite in the Kevitsa Ni-Cu-platinum-group-elements deposit. Miner Petrol 115, 535–555 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00710-021-00751-1

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