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Grundwassergefährdungspotenzial von Additiven in Wärmeträgerflüssigkeiten aus Erdwärmesonden

Groundwater pollution potential of additives used in borehole heat exchanger fluids

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Zusammenfassung

Mit der steigenden Anzahl installierter Erdwärmesonden erhöht sich das Risiko einer Leckage bei welcher Wärmeträgerflüssigkeiten ins Grundwasser gelangen und eine lokale Verschmutzung verursachen können. In dieser Studie wurde das Grundwassergefährdungspotenzial von Additiven abgeschätzt, die in den Wärmeträgerflüssigkeiten enthalten sind. Um dies zu erreichen, war gesichertes Wissen über die chemische Identität der Additive sowie ihre Einsatzhäufigkeit und -konzentration notwendig. Eine Datenerhebung bei Herstellern und Vertreibern ergab 35 verschiedene Additive, die sich gemäß ihrer Funktion in Korrosionsinhibitoren, Alkalien, Farbstoffe, Lösungsmittel, Duftstoffe, Antischaummittel und Tenside gliedern. Das Grundwassergefährdungspotenzial der Additive wurde basierend auf ihrer Einsatzhäufigkeit und ihres Umweltverhaltens (Mobilität, Abbaubarkeit und aquatische Toxizität) abgeschätzt. Als potenziell problematisch für Grundwassersysteme müssen die Korrosionsinhibitoren Benzotriazol, Tolyltriazol, 2-Ethylhexanoat, Benzoat und Sebacat angesehen werden.

Abstract

The number of installed vertical borehole heat exchangers is continuing to grow continuously which increases the risk of a local groundwater contamination with heat exchanger fluids due to a system leakage. This study evaluates the groundwater pollution potential of organic additives applied in heat exchanger fluids. In the first step of the project a data survey was carried out to collect detailed information about the identity, frequency of use and concentrations of the applied additives. In total, 35 different additives were disclosed by producers and/or distributors of heat exchanger fluids. The additives were classified as corrosion inhibitors, alkalis, dyes, solvents, scentsflavours, defoamers, and surfactants. The groundwater pollution potential of the additives was assessed based on their frequency of usage in the declared fluids and on their environmental fate (mobility, persistence and aquatic toxicity). Based on our analysis, the corrosion inhibitors benzotriazole, tolyltriazole, 2-ethylhexanoate, benzoate and sebacate exhibit a potentially exhibit a significant risk for groundwater contamination.

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  1. Arbeitsbereich Umweltchemie & Umweltmineralogie, Zentrum für Angewandte Geowissenschaften, Eberhard-Karls Universität Tübingen, Hölderlinstr. 12, 72074, Tübingen, Deutschland

    Dafina Ilieva,  Stefan B. Haderlein &  Barbara Morasch

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  1. Dafina Ilieva
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  2. Stefan B. Haderlein
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  3. Barbara Morasch
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Correspondence to Dafina Ilieva.

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Ilieva, D., Haderlein, S. & Morasch, B. Grundwassergefährdungspotenzial von Additiven in Wärmeträgerflüssigkeiten aus Erdwärmesonden. Grundwasser 19, 263–274 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00767-014-0272-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00767-014-0272-6

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