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Effects of salinity and dietary n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on the survival, development, and morphogenesis of the larvae of laboratory-reared mud crab Scylla serrata (Decapoda, Portunidae)

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Abstract

We investigated the effects of feeding rotifers containing various levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n-3HUFA) to Scylla serrata larvae at different developmental stages on their survival, development, and morphogenesis when they were cultured at six salinity levels. The first-, third-, and fifth (last)-stage zoeae and megalopae were reared to first-stage crabs at salinities of 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35‰, with three different feeding regimes of rotifers containing different levels of n-3HUFA. The larvae successfully developed to the subsequent stages at 20–35‰ salinity. The highest survival rates to first-stage crabs were recorded at 20–25‰ salinity. The morphological features of the megalopa observed in the last-stage zoeae, represented by the ratio of the chela length to carapace length, tended to advance with increasing salinity, indicating higher assimilation efficiency at higher salinities. The megalopal features of the last-stage zoeae were enhanced when the larvae were fed rotifers containing higher amounts of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). As reported previously, final-stage zoeal larvae with advanced megalopal features often experienced moult death syndrome (MDS). These results show that when larvae are fed rotifers with high DHA under high-salinity conditions, morphogenesis is accelerated, resulting in MDS. Therefore, to evaluate the effects of salinity on larval survival, it is necessary to examine larval morphogenesis in terms of MDS. In conclusion, we recommend that not only survival but also larval morphogenesis should be examined when evaluating the results of rearing experiments with S. serrata larvae.

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Abbreviations

n-3HUFA:

n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids

DHA:

Docosahexaenoic acid

EPA:

Eicosapentaenoic acid

ARA:

Arachidonic acid

LNA:

Linolenic acid

Z1–Z5:

First-to-fifth-stage zoeae

MG:

Megalopa

C1:

First-stage crab

MDS:

Moult death syndrome

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the staff of the Yaeyama Station of the National Center for Stock Enhancement, Fisheries Research Agency, for their support with the laboratory work.

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  1. Tamano Station, National Center for Stock Enhancement, Fisheries Research Agency, Tamano, Okayama, 706-0002, Japan

    Shigeki Dan

  2. Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Minato, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan

    Katsuyuki Hamasaki

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  1. Shigeki Dan
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Correspondence to Katsuyuki Hamasaki.

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Dan, S., Hamasaki, K. Effects of salinity and dietary n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on the survival, development, and morphogenesis of the larvae of laboratory-reared mud crab Scylla serrata (Decapoda, Portunidae). Aquacult Int 19, 323–338 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-010-9374-z

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