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Ultrasonic Soil Washing with Fish Oil Extract to Remove Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), Dibenzofurans (PCDFs) from Highly Contaminated Field Soils

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Abstract

PCDD/F-contaminated soil of a coastal region formerly involved in the production of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in Tainan City in southern Taiwan, has drawn wide concern throughout the island. This main goal of this study was to find an effective and environmentally friendly means of removing PCDD/Fs from its contaminated fields. We performed a soil washing experiment with fish extract using a combination of ultrasonification and mechanical double-blade stirring. The experiments were conducted under ambient temperature, at a soil/liquid ratio of 1:2.5, 700 rpm, and over a short duration. This combined method using fish extract removed 94.12% of the pollutant in moderately contaminated soils (5 washing cycles) and 94.51% in highly contaminated soils (10 washing cycles), mostly via particle collision and penetration. These findings highlight the benefits of PCDD/F partitioning between the particles and fish oil extract. This study is the first to use fish oil extract, a natural solvent, to treat soils highly contaminated with dioxins. Because fish oil extract is rich in non-toxic bio-surfactants (e.g., alcohols, acids, ketones, etc.), it may be used in this process to improve bioavailability and bioactivity of the soil making bio-attenuation and full remediation safer and more efficient.

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Acknowledgements

The authors appreciate the reviewers whose knowledgeable comments and thoughtful suggestions have largely contributed to the improvement of the quality of this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Marine Environmental Engineering|, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan

    Chi Thanh Vu, Chitsan Lin, Wen-Yen Huang & Siwalee Yotapukdee

  2. Department of Resources Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan

    Weiteng Hung & Yun-Hwei Shen

  3. Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan

    Acharee Kaewlaoyoong & Jenq-Renn Chen

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  1. Chi Thanh Vu
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  2. Chitsan Lin
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  3. Weiteng Hung
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Correspondence to Chitsan Lin.

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Vu, C.T., Lin, C., Hung, W. et al. Ultrasonic Soil Washing with Fish Oil Extract to Remove Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), Dibenzofurans (PCDFs) from Highly Contaminated Field Soils. Water Air Soil Pollut 228, 343 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-017-3534-y

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